<p>Operation Romeo was a French World War II commando operation to disable German artillery atop the cliffs of Cap Nègre. The operation happened the evening before Operation Dragoon, the main invasion of Southern France. The force consisted of 800 French commandos of the 1er Commando Français de l&#39;Afrique du Nord , commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Georges-Régis Bouvet. The attacking flotilla included the command ship HMCS Prince David, HMCS Prince Henry, HMS Princess Beatrix, HMS Prins Albert and four U.S. Motor Torpedo Boats.</p><br>
<p>At 0130 15 August, 95 commandos in landing craft from Prince David beached first, while the remainder of the force waited offshore. The commandos had to climb a 350 ft tall cliff to reach their objective. Half an hour later, they sent word back that the enemy gun positions had been silenced. The main body of Romeo then came onto the beach. About 700 commandos moved quickly and were soon established across the main road between Toulon and the Riviera. 300 German soldiers were killed and 700 taken prisoner. The French commandos suffered 11 men killed and 50 wounded. The force held its position until relieved by VI Corps from the east on August 15, 1944.</p><br>
<p>Glen Lake is a lake located in Leelanau County in the USA state of Michigan, near Lake Michigan. Several villages and hamlets lie along or near its shore, including Burdickville, Glen Arbor, and Glen Haven. The lake actually consists of two large bodies of water connected by a narrow channel crossed by the State Route 22 bridge, with the larger body to the east being referred to as "Big Glen Lake" and the smaller body to the west as "Little Glen Lake". The two bodies, collectively referred to as Glen Lake, are at the same level and hydrologically similar. The total surface area of the two bodies are 4,871 acre and 1,415 acre, with maximum depths of 130 ft and 13 ft respectively. Big Glen Lake is nearly perfectly round, while Little Glen is more elongated. The lakes empty into Lake Michigan via the shallow Crystal River which winds through Glen Arbor.</p><br>
<p>The lake is located in a spectacular setting of wooded rolling sand hills just east of the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore, centered at 44&deg;52&prime;N latitude, 85&deg;57&prime;W longitude. It is considered by many to be one of the most beautiful lakes in the Great Lakes region. Its waters, filtered by the underlying and surrounding sands, are remarkably clear and pure, and glow with an iridescent indigo blue. Its beauty, purity, and lack of large waves make it a popular lake for vacationers, with opportunities for boating, swimming, and fishing. Sportfish present include yellow perch, smallmouth bass, northern pike, brown trout, and lake trout.</p><br>
<p>The many trails, roads, and elevations in the area make Glen Lake a popular destination for running training. At the end of August, many colleges and high schools send students from athletic programs to the Glen Lake area for training, including the University of Michigan and the University of Virginia.</p><br>
<p>While many inland lakes in northwestern Michigan maintain local legends about being ranked as one of the most beautiful lakes in the world by National Geographic Magazine, the honor falls to Glen Lake.</p><br>
<p>Thumb Lake, also known as Lake Louise by the "Lake Louise Camp" community, is a kettle lake located in Hudson Township, Charlevoix County, Michigan. The epithet Thumb Lake derives from the lakes bathymetry. An islet protrudes from the lakes west basin. The total surface area of the lake is 484 acre, with maximum depths of 152 ft.</p><br>
<p>The misnomer "Lake Louise" comes from a former Camp director who wanted to rename the lake after his wife.</p><br>
<p>The lake is nestled in the highlands east of the village of Boyne Falls, centered at 45&deg;11&prime;N latitude, 84&deg;45&prime;W longitude, and is surrounded by wooded hills. Because of its depth and the dearth of run-off into the lake, its waters are exceptionally clear. The lake is inhabited by splake, a stocked hybrid species (lake trout and brook trout), rainbow trout, yellow perch, smallmouth bass, northern pike, largemouth bass, smelt. Public access is available on the eastern shore of the lake in the form of a park with swimming beach, and on the southwestern shore in the form of a boat launch.</p><br>
<p>The Heraion of Argos  is an ancient temple in Argos, Greece. It was part of the greatest sanctuary in the Argolid, dedicated to Hera, whose epithet "Argive Hera"  appears in Homer&#39;s works. Hera herself claims to be the protector of Argos in Iliad IV, 50–52): "The three towns I love best are Argos, Sparta and Mycenae of the broad streets". The memory was preserved at Argos of an archaic, aniconic pillar representation of the Great Goddess. The site, which might mark the introduction of the cult of Hera in mainland Greece, lies northeast of Argos between the archaeological sites of Mycenae and Midea, two important Mycenaean cities. The traveller Pausanias, visiting the site in the 2nd century CE, referred to the area as Prosymna .</p><br>
<h2>History and layout</h2><br>
<p>The temenos occupies three artificially terraced levels on a site above the plain with a commanding view. The Old Temple, destroyed by fire in 423 BCE, and an open-air altar stood on the uppermost terrace. The famous ivory and gold-plated bronze sculpture of Hera by Polykleitos stood in the New Temple on the middle terrace, built by Eupolemos of Argos following the fire. There were other structures, one of which was the earliest example of a building with an open peristyle court, surrounded by columned stoas. The lowest level supports the remains of a stoa. Ancient retaining walls support the flat terraces.</p><br>
<p>Close to the Heraion is a Mycenaean cemetery, apparently a site of an ancestor cult in the Geometric period, which was excavated by Carl Blegen. In Roman times a baths and a palaestra were added near the site.</p><br>
<p>At the Heraion, Agamemnon was chosen to lead the Argives against Troy, according to a legend recorded by Dictys of Crete. Walls and earliest finds at the site date to the Geometric period, during which the Iliad was composed. A Helladic settlement preceded the sanctuary&#39;s development.</p><br>
<p>Most of the remains at the site date to the 7th through 5th centuries B.C.</p><br>
<h2>Excavations</h2><br>
<p>The British officer Thomas Gordon was the first to identify the site in 1831, and in 1836 he conducted some desultory excavations. Heinrich Schliemann briefly investigated the site in 1874 before modern archaeology at the Heraion began, under the auspices of the Archaeological Institute of America, which chose the Argive Heraion in its first campaign of excavation in Greece, under the direction of Charles Waldstein, who discovered a bundle of iron roasting spits (oboloi) in a bundle of 180, together with a solid bar of iron weighing the same as the bundle and having the same length (about 120 centimeters), votive objects that served as standards of weight and measure, introduced by Pheidon of Argos which were still to be seen in Classical times. "The obols of the Heraion are mentioned by the philosopher Heracleides of Pontus in his work on Etymologies in order to explain the origin of the name of the monetary unit obol, which is 1/6 of drachma"</p><br>
<p>Kisdon, also called Kisdon Hill is a fell situated in upper Swaledale in the Yorkshire Dales National Park in North Yorkshire, England.</p><br>
<h2>Geography and history</h2><br>
<p>Kisdon was named by early Norse settlers and it has Kisdon Farm on its southern slopes above Straw Beck. The Fell is unusual in that it is an isolated area of high ground with no connecting ridges to other fells. This came about at the end of the last Ice age when the moraine left by the retreating glacier blocked the original course of the River Swale on the west side of the fell and diverted it to its present course, forming a gorge to the east of the fell and leaving Kisdon isolated from other high ground. Kisdon’s isolation gives it the status of a Marilyn even though it only has a modest height of 499 metres (1636 feet).</p><br>
<p>Another unusual feature of Kisdon is that it has no official footpath to the highest point even though it is crossed by two busy rights of way high up on the fell. One of these is the Pennine Way on its way between the hamlets of Thwaite and Keld which reaches a height of 420 metres on the eastern shoulder of the fell, while the bridleway between Keld and Muker also known as the Old Corpse Road because it was formerly used as a corpse road to transport bodies for burial in consecrated ground lower down the valley crosses the fell on the western side at a height of 470 metres. Kisdon lies within a band of Yoredale limestone, it is on Kisdon that the band attains its maximum thickness of 40 metres.</p><br>
<h2>Ascent and summit</h2><br>
<p>The fell is crossed by many high wire topped dry stone walls which can make attaining the highest point of the fell awkward and this should be borne in mind when planning an ascent. Routes to the summit can be started at Muker, Thwaite or Keld and the bridleway should be used to attain the summit plateau where it joins a high wall which can be followed northerly to the summit of the fell which is marked by a substantial cairn, although the highest point does seem a few metres east of it. 100 metres east of the summit is a five metre deep shake hole which is marked on the Ordnance Survey map as a pot hole, so the depression may go much deeper on closer investigation.</p><br>
<p>The grass and heather covered summit gives a good all round view with the bulk of Rogan&#39;s Seat including the great gash of Swinner Gill dominating to the east while Great Shunner Fell and Lovely Seat with the Buttertubs Pass in between show well to the south-west. To conclude the day walkers can descend easterly to the Pennine Way and take in the impressive waterfalls around Keld, namely Kisdon Force, East Gill Force, Catrake Force and Wain Wath Force.</p><br>
<h2>Scar Closes, Kisdon Side SSSI</h2><br>
<p>The western side of Kisdon has been designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) over an area of 3.7 hectares since 1988. The SSSI takes the form of four grazed enclosures with the combination of Calcareous grassland growing on limestone rock supporting exceptional and varied botanical species. The steepest of the enclosures has a considerable population of Juniperus communis which has survived since the last Ice age and appears to be regenerating. Other species include Sesleria albicans (blue moor grass), Carex pulicaris (flea sedge), Galium sterneri (limestone bedstraw), Orchis mascula (early purple orchid) and Primula vulgaris (primrose) amongst others.</p><br>
<p>Boney Peak, also known as Mount Boney, is a peak in the Santa Monica Mountains in Ventura County, in Southern California. It is located in the Circle X Ranch Park, within the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area.</p><br>
<p>It is one of the highest points in the Santa Monica Mountains. Sandstone Peak, the high point of the Santa Monica Mountains, is located less than a mile to the northeast along the same ridge of volcanic rock. The whole ridge area is collectively named Boney Mountain, which also includes Exchange Peak and Tri Peaks.</p><br>
<p>Hiking trails reach Boney Mountain and Peak, and feature views of the Pacific Ocean, Channel Islands, and Mount Baldy. Several lead to a waterfall unofficially called Sycamore Canyon Waterfall.</p><br>
<p>The Boney Mountain Wilderness area is in the adjacent Point Mugu State Park.</p><br>
<p>Trebišnjica  is a river in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It used to be a sinking river, 96.5 km long above the ground. With a total length of 187 km above and under the ground, it is one of the longest sinking rivers in the world.</p><br>
<h2>Upper course</h2><br>
<p>As it flows in an area of karst (limestone), the Trebišnjica actually represents a very complex system of the above and underground streams. It originates in Bosnia and Herzegovina from two streams from the Lebršnik and Čemerno mountains:</p><br>
<p>one stream, the Mušnica, flows from the eastern to the western border of the Gatačko Polje ("Field of Gacko") (from the mountain Lebršnik to Bjelašnica, passes through Lake Klinje and next to the settlements of Avtovac, Gacko, Srđevići, Bašići, Drugovići, Kula, and Branilovići, before it sinks into the karst in the Cerničko Polje ("Field of Cernica", west of the Baba mountain) at the village of Cernica under the name of Ključka rijeka ("River of Ključ"), after a nearby village of Ključ.</p><br>
<p>another stream, the Gračanica, flows from the Čemerno mountain also into the Gatačko Polje, next to the villages of Bahori and Gračanica, before it meets the Mušnica near Srđevići. Both streams are characterized by very sharp, almost erratic bends and changes of direction.</p><br>
<p>The river shortly re-appears in the Fatničko Polje ("Field of Fatnica") under the name of Fatnička reka ("River of Fatnica"), only to sink again after a short flow above the ground.</p><br>
<h2>Middle course</h2><br>
<p>After a total underground flow of some 30 km, the waters of the sinking Fatnička reka re-appear as a series of very powerful cave springs near the town of Bileća, which are joined into one river, the Trebišnjica, the most important river in eastern Hercegovina. The river flows to the south, through the depression of Miruša. On the southernmost part of the depression, the river is dammed by the Grancarevo Dam at the village of Gornje Grančarevo and completely flooded upstream by the artificial Lake Bileća. Nearly all of the eastern bank of the lake belongs to Montenegro.</p><br>
<p>The Trebišnjica turns west between the villages of Donje Grnčarevo and Lastva into the Trebinjsko polje ("Field of Trebinje"), being dammed once again at the village of Gorica, with a small reservoir. The river continues to the west following the southern slopes of Bjelasnica mountain, through the town of Trebinje and villages of Dražin Do, Tvrdoš, Gornja Kočela and Donja Kočela, and enters the largest karst field in the Balkans, Popovo Polje ("Field of the priest").</p><br>
<p>In Popovo Polje, the Trebišnjica used to sink (see Regulation below), right after the Trebinje. In the field, the river turns northwest, next to the villages of Staro Slano, Đedići, Dobromani, Žakovo, Tulje, Sedlari, Grmljani and Zavala, near the Vjetrenica cave, the largest in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The river then turns north, makes a big curve between the villages of Dvrsnica, Orašje, Čavaš and Turkovići and in the lower Popovo Polje, near the Croatian border, sinks into the several big sinking holes (most notably, the Doljašnica and Ponikva holes).</p><br>
<h2>Lower course</h2><br>
<p>The waters of the Trebišnjica from the Popovo Polje, re-appear as three separate outflows:</p><br>
<p>The powerful spring of Čapljina, in the area of the lower Neretva river, in Hercegovina.</p><br>
<p>A series of underwater springs (called vrulje, "boiling water") near the small sea harbor of Slano in Croatia, northwest of the town of Dubrovnik.</p><br>
<p>After some 20 km of underground flow, the Trebišnjica re-emerges as the powerful spring in the great cave near Gruž, in the western part of Dubrovnik. The watercourse is called the Ombla River (Umbla; or Dubrovačka rijeka, "River of Dubrovnik"). It is only 30 m long but very wide and powerful (average discharge is 24 m3/s; on maps it appears as a small bay of the Adriatic, in which it flows, north of Dubrovnik). The lower part of the river is flooded by the sea (draga), 30 m deep and navigable for 3.7 km (unlike the upper course of Trebišnjica which is not navigable at all). Several suburbs of Dubrovnik (Mokošica, Komolac, Rožat, Prijevor, Lozica) are located alongside the river. Water from the river has been used by the Dubrovnik waterworks since 1437.</p><br>
<p>The total drainage area of the Trebišnjica covers 4,926 km&sup2, of which 600 km&sup2; is shared with the Neretva drainage area (the spring of Čapljina). The drainage area of the central, longest part of the river covers 2,225 km&sup2;.</p><br>
<h2>Regulation and importance</h2><br>
<p>As a river that flows in geologically unstable terrain (karst) and with such an interrupted flow, the Trebišnjica contains enormous potential for hydroelectricity production. As a result, regulatory works on the Trebišnjica were arguably the most massive ones in the former Yugoslavia.</p><br>
<p>1965. The river was dammed at the village of Gorica, creating artificial lake as an auxiliary water basin for the future hydro-electrical power station (HE) Trebinje. The water of the lake is conducted by two parallel, 16 km-long, hydro-energetic tunnels into the Croatian village of Plat, on the Adriatic coast, near the Cavtat, where HE Dubrovnik is constructed.</p><br>
<p>1967. The dam for HE Trebinje (or Grnčarevo) was constructed, creating huge Lake Bileća (or Lake Miruša; area 33 km&sup2, altitude 400 m, depth 104 m, volume 1,300,000,000 m&sup3;). The old Arslanagić bridge was deconstructed and moved to Trebinje. Together with HE Dubrovnik, two power stations have a power of 422 MW and capacity for production of 2.19 billion kWh yearly.</p><br>
<p>1979. The HE Čapljina is completed, after an 8 km long hydro-energetic tunnel and two reservoirs (with volume of 12,500,000 m&sup3;) began operating. The power station has a power of 430 MW (two aggregates of 215 MW) and capacity for 619 million kWh yearly.</p><br>
<p>1979. To prevent the sinking of the water through the smaller sinking holes in the Popovo Polje, the river bed has been concreted for a length of 67 km.</p><br>
<p>Dall Island is an island in the Alexander Archipelago off the southeast coast of Alaska, just west of Prince of Wales Island and north of Canadian waters. Its peak elevation is 2,443 ft above sea level. Its land area is 254.0 square miles, making it the 28th largest island in the United States. Dall is used economically for fishing and limestone quarrying.</p><br>
<p>The 2000 census recorded 20 persons living on the island. Alaska Natives are known to have inhabited coastal caves on the island two to three thousand years ago.</p><br>
<p>Dall Island was first called Quadra, after Juan Francisco de la Bodega y Quadra, until 1879, when it was renamed in honor of naturalist William H. Dall. Dall Island also had been thought to be part of Prince of Wales Island as recently as 1903.</p><br>
<p>Cape Muzon, the southernmost point of the island, is the western terminus, known as Point A, of the A–B Line, which marks the marine boundary between the state of Alaska and the Canadian province of British Columbia, per the position of the Canadian government on the decision of the arbitration tribunal under the Alaska Boundary Treaty of 1903. This line is also the northern boundary of the waters known as the Dixon Entrance.</p><br>
<p>Cape Muzon was established as the "point of commencement" of the international boundary between Russia and British North America in the Anglo-Russian Convention of 1825. The USA Coast and Geodetic Survey charts produced in 1884 and 1894–95 laid down the boundary line with Canada from Cape Muzon through Dixon Entrance and Portland Canal.</p><br>
<p>In its decision on the delimitation of the disputed Alaska Panhandle boundary, the six-judge 1903 Court of Arbitration unanimously agreed that Cape Muzon was the initial point of the boundary and designated Point A as one endpoint of the A–B Line.</p><br>
<p>Canada considers Point A (54&deg;39&prime;43.993&Prime;N latitude, 132&deg;41&prime;3.093&Prime;W longitude) as part of the delimited international boundary,</p><br>
<p>On the other hand, the USA regards the A–B line as having been defined to allocate sovereignty over the land masses within the Dixon Entrance, with Canada&#39;s land to the south of the line, while it considers the waters to be subject to international marine law.</p><br>
<h2>Logging</h2><br>
<p>Dall Island is also an island used for its timber resource. The island houses many logging camps. Columbia Helicopters of Oregon is one of the main companies using the island for its timber.</p><br>
<p>Boa Island is an island near the north shore of Lower Lough Erne in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It is 25 kilometres  from Enniskillen town.</p><br>
<p>It is the largest island in Lough Erne, approximately 5 miles (8 km) long, and relatively narrow. The A47 road goes through the length of the island. This road joins each end of the island to the mainland by bridges leading west toward Castle Caldwell and east toward Kesh.</p><br>
<p>Boa Island features a counterscarp rath (grid ref: H0744 6250) as well as carved stones, graveyard and enclosure (grid ref: H0852 6197), all in Dreenan townland and all Scheduled Historic Monuments. The Lustymore stone figure was moved here in 1939 from the nearby island of that name. The oldest stone monument on the island is a denuded cairn at Inishkeeragh Bridge near the southern tip of the island.</p><br>
<h2>Name of the island</h2><br>
<p>Boa Island is named after Badhbh, sometimes spelled, Badb, the Celtic goddess of war. Badhbh sometimes took the form of a carrion crow, most notably on the shoulder of the warrior, Cúchulainn, after he died in battle. At other times she is depicted as a wolf.</p><br>
<p>She is one of a triad of Celtic war goddesses that included her sisters, Macha and Morrigan. They were born to a mother goddess, Ernmas, who is mentioned in Lebor Gabála Érenn and Cath Maige Tuired as one of the Tuatha Dé Danann.</p><br>
<p>Badb is said to have caused confusion among the enemy in battles, providing victories to her side. Battlefields were named, the land of the Badb, by the Celts in Ireland.</p><br>
<h2>Stone figures</h2><br>
<p>Two unrelated anthropomorphic carved stone statues called the Boa Island figure and the Lustymore Island figure are now found together in Caldragh graveyard on Boa Island. A canopy was placed over them to protect them from the weather, however this has since been removed. Both of the stone figures are generally accepted to be the likeness of pagan deities.</p><br>
<p>The larger of the figures is the Boa Island bilateral figure. It is regarded as one of the most enigmatic and remarkable stone figures in Ireland. It is called a Janus-figure because it has two faces, reminding some of the Roman two-headed deity Janus, however, it is not a representation of Janus. It is thought to represent a Celtic deity and could represent a Celtic goddess as readily as a god, especially given the name of the island. In Celtic culture, heads were very important because they were thought to contain a person&#39;s spirit after their death. Severed heads were taken in triumph after battles.</p><br>
<p>The Boa Island bilateral figure is 73 centimetres (29 in) high, 45 cm (18 in) wide on its two broader surfaces, and 30 cm (12 in) wide on its two narrow surfaces. Each side of the figure has a face and torso. On the sides of the stone where the two carved figures are joined, is an interlace design that may represent hair. The faces are large and pointed ovals in shape, with big eyes, straight noses, and half open mouths with protruding tongues above the pointed chins.</p><br>
<p>The figure has no neck, with its head resting directly on its torso. The torso is a square block with hunched shoulders, crossed arms, and a belt. The figure ends just below its waist. The lower section of the figure—two hands with elongated fingers carved in relief—was broken away from the top part at an unknown time in the past. This base was recently discovered half-buried in the ground close to the figure.</p><br>
<p>In the top of the bilateral figure is carved a deep indentation of unknown purpose, and tourists often place small mementos in it for good luck. Fears of damage from freeze-thaw erosion have motivated authorities to provide a canopy over the statue.</p><br>
<p>The Nobel Prize winning poet Seamus Heaney celebrated the enigmatic Boa Island bilateral figure&#39;s similarity to the Roman deity Janus in his poem "January God". The Enniskillen-born poet Francis Harvey published a collection of poems called The Boa Island Janus in 1996.</p><br>
<p>Similar statues appear outside the cave of Crom Cruach in The Secret of Kells.</p><br>
<p>The Lustymore Idol was discovered in an early Christian graveyard on Lustymore Island, located due south of Boa Island in Lower Lough Erne. It was brought to the Caldragh graveyard on Boa Island in 1939. It is placed with its back to the indigenous bilateral figure. Lacking details of the facial features, it is less impressive visually, and is approximately 70 cm (27.5 in) in height. It is, however, thought to be older than the bilateral Janus figure – which is less worn than the Lustymore figure. Irish archaeologist Eileen Murphy states in Warrior Women (2002) that the Lustymore Idol is thought by some Irish scholars to be the precursor to Sheela na gigs: her arms lie across the torso and point toward the inverted V that represents the top of the vulva (page 204). A Sheela-na-gig is a female figure with enlarged genitals held open by her hands. Note the current offerings to the statue in the photograph above.</p><br>
<p>The reasons for creating these stone sculptures and the dates of their creation are not certain. They may have been part of pre-Christian religious sites, or they may have been made by early Christians who included older pagan beliefs in their grave sites.</p><br>
<p>Boa Islands bilateral figure has been compared to another two-faced figure from Holzgerlingen, Germany and the Tandragee Idol, which is in a collection in St. Patricks Church of Ireland Cathedral, Armagh.</p><br>
<p>These comparisons suggest that the figure dates from the British Iron Age. However, early Christian sites around Lough Erne are rich in these types of figures.</p><br>
<p>The Irwin Consolidated School in Irwin, Iowa was opened for classes in the fall of 1918. The cornerstone dates the building as being built in 1917 by William F. Gernandt, Architect of Omaha, Nebraska.</p><br>
<p>It was built to replace a wooden structure and a number of country schools and to be able to add courses to the curriculum. The building has been placed on the National Register of Historic Places, as are a number of buildings by William F. Gernandt. The building is of brick construction with many sandstone and art deco features. It is quite ornate in comparison to other school buildings built in the area and of that time period. The school to this date still has much of the original oak woodwork, doors and cabinetry.</p><br>
<p>The school&#39;s first years staff was: Supt. S. A. Guiles, Miss Keller, Miss Kimberly, Mary Steenhusen Welsch, Mary Farrington Torpy, Myrtle Peterson Miller, Miss Wyatt, Mrs. S. A. Guiles, Alice Fogarty, Miss Brockman and Miss Zella Cozad. The Irwin High School was renowned academically and also excelled in sports winning many state championships. In the late 1920s the school was one of the stops for the Harlem Globe Trotters and on that night the home team won. In 1939 the city of Irwin was one of six communities for a special government study of the effects of the depression and of the New Deal Program. In 1942 a photo essay followed up this study with many photos of the school being preserved in the National Archives.</p><br>
<p>The last classes were held in 2002. In 2005, the building was sold and converted to the C. G. Brisee Genealogy Library.</p><br>
<p>The Rasina  is a river in south central Serbia. The 92 km long river flows through the Rasina region, gives its name to the modern Rasina District of Serbia, and flows into the Zapadna Morava near the city of Kruševac.</p><br>
<p>Its historical name is Arsen (Αρσεγα).</p><br>
<p>The Rasina springs from the southern slopes of the Goč mountain, near the village of Rašovka, southwest of the most famous Serbian spa, Vrnjačka Banja. The river originally flows to the southeast, around the mountains of Željin and Kopaonik, next to the villages of Mitrovo Polje, Bzenica, Pleš, Jablanica, Grčak, Toskići, Budilovina and Milentija. When the Rasina reaches the small town of Brus, it enters the upper Rasina region and continues next to the villages of Tršanovci, Lepenac and Razbojna.</p><br>
<p>At this point the river reaches the western side of the Veliki Jastrebac mountain, and makes a wide, elbow turn to the north. In this part of the course, the Rasina also makes a southeast border of the Aleksandrovačka Župa region. After the villages of Bogiše and Zlatari, the Rasina has been dammed at the village of Ćelije, with an artificial lake Ćelije.</p><br>
<p>The lower Rasina region is densely populated (villages of Suvaja, Majdevo, Štitare, Grkljane, Šogolj, Šavrane, Gornji Stepoš, Bukovica, Donji Stepoš, Lipovac, Malo Golovode, Donje Golovode), with the administrative center of the Rasina District, Kruševac. In its lower course, the Rasina is followed by a parallel flow of the Pepeljuša river, which flows into the Zapadna Morava separately. Seven kilometers after Kruševac, the Rasina flows into the Zapadna Morava at the village of Makrešane.</p><br>
<p>The Rasina drains an area of 994 km&sup2, belongs to the Black Sea drainage basin and it is not navigable.</p><br>
<h2>Lake Ćelije</h2><br>
<p>Reservoir was formed in 1972, when 52 m high dam was built. The lake was created as a part of the regulation program of the Velika Morava river, that is, as part of the project that to reduce the amount of sediments which would ultimately reach the Iron Gate I Hydroelectric Power Station and its Lake Đerdap. The usage of the lake water for the Kruševac waterworks wasn&#39;t part of the original project. In 1977, a water treating plant was built in the village od Majdevo. The plant was reconstructed in 2017 and, due to the increased capacity, the waterworks in the municipalities of Ćićevac and Varvarin were connected to the grid.</p><br>
<p>The lake was projected to last until 2021, but after the 2017 reconstruction, it will survive until at least 2050. A modern plant for the wastewater treatment was under construction in November 2017, in collaboration with the Government of Sweden. The lake is elongated, 11 km long and only 0.8 km wide, holding 66,000,000 m&sup3; of water. It covers an area of 4.16 km&sup2;.</p><br>
<p>East Row Historic District is the second largest Historic District in the Commonwealth of Kentucky. It is located in Newport, Kentucky. The East Row was created by joining two of Newport&#39;s Historic Neighborhoods; Mansion Hill and Gateway.</p><br>
<p>General James Taylor Jr. pioneered Newport in the 1790s on 1,500 acre inherited from his father. His father, James Taylor Sr., bought 2,700 acre of land in Northern Kentucky from his friend George Muse, which was part of the land Muse had been awarded for his military service in the French and Indian War.</p><br>
<p>James Taylor Jr. brought to Newport his wealthy new wife Keturah Moss Leitch.</p><br>
<p>Well-connected with Washington politics, The Taylor family had two cousins, James Madison and Zachary Taylor, who later become presidents of the United States. The Taylors brought colonial culture to Northern Kentucky.</p><br>
<p>Taylor choose a high hill overlooking the Ohio River to build a large home (still standing today) in the Greek Revival style. At his death in 1848, James Taylor Jr. was said to be one of the wealthiest men in the state of Kentucky, with an estate valued at more than $4 million.</p><br>
<p>In the mid-19th century, Newport became a hub for trade, industry and culture. The Victorian era was Newports most affluent period, as is evident by the East Rows elegant houses, which look much as they did more than 100 years ago. The establishment of the East Row was made possible when, motivated by Newports rapid growth, the grandson of Gen. James Taylor decided to subdivide the familys estate as Taylor&#39;s Row Addition. The area became a favorite of wealthy business owners and merchants in the late 19th century.</p><br>
<p>East Row Historic District is home to 1,070 homes and is Kentucky&#39;s second largest historic district. All buildings in East Row have the distinction of being listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Early houses, near the western edge of the district, were built in the Italianate style, later homes were built in Queen Anne, the Colonial Revival and American Foursquare style.</p><br>
<p>By the late 1970s the Neighborhood had fallen on hard times, Many of the large homes were cut into many small apartments. Property prices were low and the neighborhood became attractive to urban pioneers. The Mansion Hill Neighborhood Association was founded in 1979. Owners started to restore the many beautiful homes and expose the former beauty. The Mansion Hill Tour was begun in 1979, attracting more resident to the Neighborhood. In the early 1980s many of the most active Historic Preservationist lived in the Gateway neighborhood, the two neighborhoods combined forces in the mid-1980s.</p><br>
<p>Just blocks away from East Row, the city&#39;s riverfront and northern business district are undergoing dramatic redevelopment, with Riverboat Row and Newport on the Levee already a thriving riverfront district of restaurants and clubs. With the World Peace Bell and the Newport Aquarium just steps away from the Historic District.</p><br>
<p>In mid-2006 the Newport City Commission expanded the Historic District, including the north side of Second Street, The west side of Washington Avenue and the 200 block of East Fourth Street. East Fourth Street has several American Civil War era homes, including some in the Greek Revival style.</p><br>
<p>The Old Schwamb Mill is historic 19th-century mill at 17 Mill Lane in Arlington, Massachusetts. It claims to be located on the oldest continuously-used mill site in the United States, with a documented history of operation dating back to about 1684. The current mill building, erected in 1861, is now a living history museum. The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Schwamb Mill is set on the south side of Mill Brook, a body of water flowing roughly east-west and bisecting the western half of the town of Arlington. The main mill building is a roughly U-shaped structure, which rises to a height of three stories at the south-facing front, but is sited on land that drops steeply to the stream below. It is finished in clapboard siding, and most of its roofs are flat, with the transverse portion of the U gabled. Across Mill Lane to the north stand a pair of connected buildings, which were historically used as a wood drying house and storage barn.</p><br>
<p>The Massachusetts Bay Colony was first settled by Europeans in large numbers beginning in 1630, and the area that is now Arlington (then part of Cambridge was recognized as a potential site for grist and lumber mills at an early date. The colony&#39;s first mill was established on Mill Brook in 1637, near the site of the Arlington Public Safety Building. It was abandoned in 1645. The present mill site was developed in 1681, beginning with the construction of a dam, and then the erection of a grist mill, which was followed in 1704 by a sawmill. This complex was acquired by Henry Woodbridge in 1860, and adapted for the purpose of grinding spices. After it was severely damaged by fire, it was rebuilt the following year.</p><br>
<p>The mill was purchased by brothers Charles and Frederick Schwamb in 1864 for the manufacture of circular and elliptical picture frames. It remained within the family&#39;s ownership and continued to operate, more or less unchanged in both equipment and processes, until 1969. Two wings were added during this time: one by 1881, and the other between that date and 1898. In 1969 the property was acquired by a non-profit organization formed to preserve the property.</p><br>
<p>The mill still contains operational equipment and four preserved power systems.</p><br>
<p>Bukit Lanjan is a Malaysian hill in the Petaling district of Selangor. It is also the name of a state constituency of the Selangor State Assembly. Bukit Lanjan is part of the Subang parliamentary constituency.</p><br>
<p>The Bukit Lanjan state constituency includes Bandar Utama Damansara, Bandar Sri Damansara, Mutiara Damansara, Damansara Perdana and Kayu Ara. There are 25,550 registered voters in Bukit Lanjan of whom 52.8% are Chinese, 31.8% Malays, 14.7% Indians and 0.7% others.</p><br>
<p>Bukit Lanjan has a population of about 50,000. Of the total number, 25% are in the lower-income group residing in Kampung Sungei Kayu Ara and the Pelangi Damansara low-cost flats. The upper-income group makes up about 35% of the population in areas like Bandar Utama, Mutiara Damansara, Damansara Perdana and Bandar Sri Damansara, while the remaining 40% is the middle-income group.</p><br>
<p>The most common complaints from the residents in the constituency are about the infrastructure - the upgrading and maintenance of drains, roads and fields - and security matters such as car thefts and house break-ins. There is also constant traffic congestion leading to 1 Utama Shopping Centre and IKEA, and the roadside hawker issue at Bandar Sri Damansara.</p><br>
<p>There was an Orang Asli village on the hill previously, consisting mainly of the Temuan tribe. But today the village has been relocated to Desa Temuan, near Damansara Perdana. Their "Batin" (meaning leader in Temuan language) name is Kanau. 30 percent of Temuan here are Muslim, 20 percent are Christian and 50 percent are animists, believing in the power of nature.</p><br>
<p>The Heaviest Corner on Earth is a promotional name given to the corner of 20th Street and 1st Avenue North in Birmingham, Alabama, United States, in the early 20th century. The name reflected the nearly simultaneous appearance of four of the tallest buildings in the South, the 10-story Woodward Building , 16-story Brown Marx Building , 16-story Empire Building , and the 21-story American Trust and Savings Bank Building .</p><br>
<p>The announcement of the last building was made in the Jemison Magazine in a January 1911 article titled "Birmingham to Have the Heaviest Corner in the South". Over the years, that claim was inflated to the improbable "Heaviest Corner on Earth", which remains a popular name for the grouping.</p><br>
<p>A marker, erected on May 23, 1985 by the Birmingham Historical Society, with cooperation from Operation New Birmingham, stands on the sidewalk outside the Empire Building describing the group. The buildings have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places: the Woodward Building was listed on June 30, 1983; the building on the southeastern corner of the intersection, now named the "First National-John A. Hand Building," on September 29, 1983; and the remaining buildings, on July 11, 1985.</p><br>
<p>Geladaindong Peak  is a snow-covered mountain  located in southwestern Qinghai province of China near the border of Tibet. It is the tallest mountain in the Tanggula Mountain Range of the Tibetan Plateau with an elevation of 6,621 m above sea level. The traditional source of the Yangtze River, begins with glaciers on its surface. The Yangtze&#39;s true source, however, lies away at the head of the Dam Qu.</p><br>
<p>The mountain&#39;s name is Geladaindong in the Tibetan language. The name in Chinese is 各拉丹冬 (pinyin: Gèlādāndōng) or 各拉丹冬峰 (pinyin: Gèlādāndōng Fēng; literally "Geladandong Peak").</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>Geladaindong is located in the administrative unit known as Tanggula Town: an exclave of Haixi Prefecture, in the middle section of Tanggula Shan (the Tanggula Mountain Range).</p><br>
<p>The Geladaindong Peak is encircled by over twenty high peaks exceeding 6,000 m in height. It is approximately 50 km long from north to south and approximately 20 km wide from west to east, covering an area of approximately 670 km&sup2; with ice and snow, covered by over 40 glaciers. This area is directly across the border from Amdo County, Nagqu Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region.</p><br>
<p>The Qinghai-Tibet Railway crosses the Tanggula Mountain Range around 100 km to the east of Geladaindong Peak.</p><br>
<h2>Climate</h2><br>
<p>Due to the area&#39;s arid climate, its annual precipitation is only 200 mm. In the high-altitude area of over 5,000 m, however, there exists violent local air circulation and its yearly precipitation is several hundred mm more than that in the foothill area. Thus, snow and hailstones frequently fall, presenting conditions for the development of glaciers. The average temperature is −5 &deg;C, and the hottest months are from June to August with a temperature of over 20 &deg;C, while the coldest month is January, with a temperature of −18 &deg;C. In the high-altitude area of over 5,000 m, it remains cold all year round, the lowest temperature being less than −30 &deg;C.</p><br>
<h2>Wildlife</h2><br>
<p>The mountain serves as a shelter for more than twenty kinds of wild animals, including the white-lipped deer, Asiatic wild ass, snow leopard, and alpine snowcock.</p><br>
<h2>Climbing</h2><br>
<p>Geladaindong was first climbed by Japanese team in 1985 after three years of trying to obtain a permit. They ascended the peak via the northwest ridge approaching from the northeast.</p><br>
<p>In 1997 an American team climbed a new route up the northeast face (55–60°). The team consisted of William N. Rom M.D., Dan Luchtel PhD, and Mark Newcomb. Mark Newcomb also pioneered a face solo route on the same expedition. Mark Newcomb was a guide with Exum Guides from Grand Teton National Park.</p><br>
<p>Although a dangerous peak to climb, Geladaindong is popular among Chinese mountain climbers. In 1994, the Mountaineering Association of Peking University (MAPKU) became the first Chinese climbing team to reach the summit of Geladaindong.</p><br>
<p>Wyalusing Creek is a tributary of the Susquehanna River in Susquehanna and Bradford counties, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 19.1 mi long and flows through Rush township in Susquehanna County and Stevens Township, Tuscarora Township, Wyalusing Township, and Wyalusing in Bradford County. The watershed of the creek has an area of 219 square miles. It is possible to canoe on a significant portion of the creek.</p><br>
<h2>Course</h2><br>
<p>Wyalusing Creek begins in at the mouths of East Branch Wyalusing Creek and South Branch Wyalusing Creek in Rush Township, Susquehanna County. The creek begins meandering west for a few miles before picking up the tributary North Branch Wyalusing Creek and turning southwest. It almost immediately crosses Pennsylvania Route 706 and soon afterwards, it leaves Rush Township and Susquehanna County.</p><br>
<p>Upon leaving Susquehanna County, Wyslusing Creek enters Stevens Township, Bradford County. It turns northwest briefly and receives the tributary Ross Creek before turning southwest again. After some distance, it picks up the tributary Rockwell Creek and continues southwest. The creek gradually begins turning west and passes Stevensville. Shortly afterwards, it abruptly turns south and enters Tuscarora Township. It then turns west and reenters Stevens Township for a few hundred feet before bending back into Tuscarora Township. A few tenths of a mile later, the creek leaves Tuscarora Township and enters Wyalusing Township. In this township, the creek turns south-southwest and then turns west, passing the community of Camptown. There, it picks up the tributaries Camps Creek and Billings Creek before turning south and receiving the tributary Patton Creek. The creek continues south for several miles, passing the community of Merryall and crossing Pennsylvania Route 706. It then turns roughly south-southwest and begins to flow parallel to Pennsylvania Route 706. After a few miles, the creek enters the community of Wyalusing. In this community, it crosses USA Route 6 and shortly afterwards reaches its confluence with the Susquehanna River.</p><br>
<p>Wyalusing Creek joins the Susquehanna River 253.02 mi upstream of its mouth.</p><br>
<h2>Geography, geology, and climate</h2><br>
<p>Upstream of Rush, Wyalusing Creek is braided with logjams and strainers in places. However, there are no deadfalls or fences along it. The creek flows over cobbles. It has riffles and a relatively fast current. It is fairly wide considering its length. The topography of the watershed of the creek is described as "rough and hilly" in a 1921 book. The watershed contains narrow valleys and steep, but rounded hills. It has experienced glacial activity in the past.</p><br>
<p>The rock in the watershed of Wyalusing Creek consists of shale, sandstone, and deposits of glacial drift. The channel of the creek is sinuous and has steep banks.</p><br>
<p>There is a stream gauge on Wyalusing Creek at Lawton and another one at Stevensville.</p><br>
<p>The rate of precipitation in the watershed of Wyalusing Creek ranges between 35 in and 40 in per year, on average.</p><br>
<h2>Watershed</h2><br>
<p>The watershed of Wyalusing Creek has an area of 219 square miles. The watershed is situated in western Susquehanna County and southeastern Bradford County. It is part of the Upper North Branch Susquehanna drainage basin.</p><br>
<p>The valley of Wyalusing Creek is narrow and sparsely populated, with pastures.</p><br>
<p>A lake known as Camp Pond is in the watershed of Wyalusing Creek. Its surface area is 28 acres.</p><br>
<h2>History and industries</h2><br>
<p>The earliest pioneers in the valley of Wyalusing Creek arrived in the late 1700s from New England. A gaging station was established on the creek at Wyalusing in October 1908.</p><br>
<p>In 1921, the largest communities in the watershed of Wyalusing Creek were Montrose, Wyalusing, Stevensville, Le Raysville, and Camptown. Their populations were 1914, 580, 340, 326, and 300, respectively.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1900s, the main industries in the watershed of Wyalusing Creek were a foundry, a furniture factory, a planing mill, agriculture, and dairy. As of the late 20th century, the dairy industry remains active in the watershed of Wyalusing Creek. However, few crops are grown in the vicinity of the creek.</p><br>
<p>In the early 1900s, Wyalusing Creek was used to power gristmills, a roller mill, and a sawmill. It was also used as a water supply for Wyalusing.</p><br>
<h2>Recreation</h2><br>
<p>It is possible to canoe on a significant portion of Wyalusing Creek during snowmelt or within four to seven days of heavy rain. The creek is relatively easy to canoe on, having a difficulty rating of 1. Edward Gertler describes the scenery as "good" in his book Keystone Canoeing.</p><br>
<p>Sunshine Island, also known as Chau Kung To indigenously, is a companion island of Hei Ling Chau in Hong Kong. Located northeast of Hei Ling Chau and south of Peng Chau, the island was once the site of a drug addiction treatment centre. The island features scenic rocks and some abandoned buildings. It is not inhabited any longer, and there is no public transport to the island.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Friend (Quaker) Gus Borgeest, born in Ningbo in 1909, gave the island its English name and founded an audacious and successful resettlement and rehabilitation centre for Chinese refugees on Sunshine island in 1952. At the time opium addiction was endemic among many Chinese and the model farming community founded by Borgeest provided many mainland refugees and addicts in Hong Kong with a second chance. Borgeests method was to provide land, housing, tools, seeds, training and assistance to refugees and give them the opportunity to each start a small farm on the island. The opportunity provided by Borgeests project helped many refugee families re-establish themselves after the trauma of fleeing to Hong Kong. On a May 1956 visit to Sunshine Island one of the resettled refugees expressed the success of the project to then Hong Kong Governor Sir Alexander Grantham: "Sir, owning ones own land, managing ones own affairs, does something to a man. Such cannot be achieved, or even understood, by those who are content to let the government fill their rice bowls for them." For this work, Borgeest was awarded the 1961 Ramon Magsaysay Prize, also known colloquially as "Asia&#39;s Nobel Prize". The work of the Sunshine Island community was supported by The Religious Society of Friends (Quakers) in Hong Kong. Sunshine Island formed the basis of later drug rehabilitation settlements still existing in Hong Kong.</p><br>
<h2>Fauna</h2><br>
<p>After the construction of Hong Kong Disneyland, white-bellied sea eagles moved from their habitat in Pa Tau Kwu of Lantau Island to Sunshine Island. There is also an endemic species, the Bogadek&#39;s legless lizard (Dibamus bogadeki) living on the island.</p><br>
<p>White Deer Creek is a tributary of the West Branch Susquehanna River in Centre County and Union County, in Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 28 mi long and flows through Miles Township in Centre County and Hartley Township, Lewis Township, West Buffalo Township, and White Deer Township in Union County. The watershed of the creek has an area of 45.1 square miles. Parts of the creek are designated as impaired. The creek&#39;s discharge near White Deer can be as low as 3 cuft/s or as high as 169 cuft/s.</p><br>
<p>White Deer Creek is a freestone stream in mountainous terrain. It is relatively small and flows through a valley that is narrow, but can be up to 1,000 ft wide. The creek flows alongside Interstate 80 for much of its length. A significant part of the land in the creek&#39;s watershed is forested, with large areas being owned by the Pennsylvania Bureau of Forestry. The watershed of the creek is designated as a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery. It has both brook trout and brown trout and is stocked with trout.</p><br>
<p>White Deer Creeks name comes from the word Woap-achtu-hanne, meaning "white-deer stream". The creek appeared on maps as early as 1759. A number of mills were constructed on it in the 18th and 19th centuries. Major historic industries in the watershed included lumbering and agriculture. A number of bridges have been constructed across the creek. Much of the length of White Deer Creek is in Bald Eagle State Forest; the creek also passes through McCalls Dam State Park. Other recreational opportunities include angling and canoeing.</p><br>
<h2>Course</h2><br>
<p>White Deer Creek begins in a valley to the north of Hall Mountain in Miles Township, Centre County, near the Centre County/Clinton County line. It flows east through its relatively deep, narrow valley for more than a mile before receiving its first named tributary, Tunis Run, from the right. The creek then meanders east-northeast through its valley for several miles, passing near several mountains, such as McCall Mountain, along the way. It eventually exits Miles Township and Centre County.</p><br>
<p>Upon exiting Centre County, White Deer Creek enters Hartley Township, Union County. It continues meandering east-northeast for several tenths of a mile before entering Lewis Township. In this township, the creek continues meandering east-northeast for a few miles, passing more mountains before entering West Buffalo Township. In this township, it flows east-northeast for more than a mile before turning northeast for several tenths of a mile and receiving the tributary Cowbell Hollow from the left. Shortly afterwards, the creek turns northwest for a few tenths of a mile before turning north-northeast and receiving its longest tributary, Sand Spring Run, from the left and passing Pine Flat. The creek then begins flowing east-northeast again, now fairly close to Interstate 80, and receives the tributary Mile Run from the left and passing Little Mountain. Several tenths of a mile further downstream, it enters White Deer Township. The creek heads east for several tenths of a mile before receiving Lick Run, its last named tributary, from the left.</p><br>
<p>White Deer Creek then turns northeast for several tenths of a mile before turning east. For the next several miles, the creek heads in a generally easterly direction between South White Deer Ridge and Catharines Crown/Nittany Mountain, still alongside Interstate 80. The creek&#39;s valley broadens and in leaves behind Catharines Crown; by this point there are no more mountains on its southern side. It turns northeast and then east-southeast before turning east-northeast and crossing Interstate 80. The creek then flows east for a few miles, still following South White Deer Ridge. It then crosses US Route 15 and a few tenths of a mile later, reaches its confluence with the West Branch Susquehanna River.</p><br>
<p>White Deer Creek joins the West Branch Susquehanna River 15.76 mi upstream of its mouth.</p><br>
<h3>Tributaries</h3><br>
<p>White Deer Creek has five named tributaries: Lick Run, Mile Run, Sand Spring Run, Cowbell Hollow, and Tunis Run. Lick Run joins White Deer Creek 10.77 mi upstream of its mouth and drains an area of 2.10 square miles. Mile Run joins White Deer Creek 11.82 mi upstream of its mouth and drains an area of 1.57 square miles. Sand Spring Run joins the creek 12.48 mi upstream of its mouth and drains an area of 4.94 square miles. Cowbell Hollow joins the creek 13.58 mi upstream of its mouth and its watershed has an area of 0.26 square miles, making it the smallest named tributary by that measure. Tunis Run joins White Deer Creek 25.62 mi upstream of its mouth and drains an area of 1.43 square miles.</p><br>
<h2>Hydrology</h2><br>
<p>Some reaches of White Deer Creek are not designated as impaired waterbodies. However, a several miles in the creek&#39;s watershed are impaired. In one reach, the creek is impaired by habitat alterations due to hydromodification; in the other impaired reach, it is impaired by mercury in the water column from an unknown source.</p><br>
<p>In several dozen measurements in the 1970s and 2010s, the discharge of White Deer Creek ranged from 3.0 to 169 cuft/s. Between water years 1969 and 1973, the average annual discharge ranged from 39.9 cuft/s in water year 1969 to 113.0 cuft/s in water year 1972, with an average of 73.06 cuft/s.</p><br>
<p>In 1975 and 1976, the turbidity of White Deer Creek near White Deer ranged from 1 to 2 Jackson Turbidity Units. The creek carries high levels of sediment. In the 1970s and 2010s, the creek&#39;s specific conductance ranged from 32 to 400 micro-siemens per centimeter at 25 &deg;C. The pH of the creek ranged from 6.7 to 8.7 and the water hardness concentration ranged from less than 10 mg/l to 170 mg/l. The dissolved oxygen concentration ranged from 8.2 to 15.7 mg/l.</p><br>
<p>In the 1970s and 2010s, the carbon dioxide concentration of White Deer Creek near White Deer ranged from 0.2 to 5.6 mg/l. The organic carbon concentration ranged between 0.7 and. The nitrogen concentration ranged from less than 0.25 mg/l to 1.2 mg/l. The phosphorus concentration ranged from less than 0.010 mg/l to 0.142 mg/l. The sulfate concentration ranged from 3.5 to 77.5 mg/l in the creek&#39;s filtered water, while the concentration of chloride ranged from 2.0 to 24.6 mg/l. In the 2010s, the arsenic concentration was less than 3 ug/l all times it was measured, while the boron concentration was less than 200 ug/l and the selenium concentration was less than 7 ug/l. The ammonia concentration ranged from less than 0.026 mg/l to 0.296 mg/l.</p><br>
<p>In the 2010s, the concentrations of recoverable sodium in White Deer Creek near White Deer ranged from 1.6 to 11.1 mg/l, while the potassium concentration was less than 1 mg/l all times it was measured. The magnesium and calcium concentrations ranged from 1.0 to 10.7 mg/l and 2.7 to 50.2 mg/l. The concentration of recoverable strontium ranged from 20 to 30 ug/l and measurable barium concentrations were observed. The concentration of recoverable manganese ranged from less than 2 ug/l to 50 ug/l all the times the concentration was quantified, while the recoverable iron concentration ranged from less than 10 ug/l to 1,230 ug/l. The concentrations of recoverable nickel, copper, and cadmium were less than 4 ug/l most or all of the times they were measured. The concentration of recoverable zinc ranged from less than 5 ug/l to 20 ug/l, not counting several times when its presence was observed, but not quantified. The concentration of recoverable aluminum ranged from less than 10 ug/l to 1,300 ug/l, not counting several times when its presence was observed, but not quantified.</p><br>
<h2>Geography, geology, and climate</h2><br>
<p>The elevation near the mouth of White Deer Creek is 446 ft above sea level. The elevation of the creek&#39;s source is 1,872 ft above sea level. The gradient of the creek upstream of the water supply dam on it ranges from 16 to 160 ft/mi, with an average of 40 ft/mi.</p><br>
<p>The valleys in the watershed of White Deer Creek are generally narrow. At some points, the valley walls rise steeply almost immediately from the creek&#39;s streambanks, which made the construction of roads through those areas difficult. However, in other areas, the valley is approximately 1,000 ft wide.</p><br>
<p>White Deer Creek is a freestone stream. There are numerous strainers on White Deer Creek, to the point where the creek was described as "one of the most tree-infested and strainer-struck streams in the state". The creeks channel is also braided in some reaches. The creek flows through a very narrow valley and, in its upper reaches, is small for a canoeing stream. The community of White Deer experiences significant flooding problems because it is on the creeks floodplain, and because of the creeks narrow valley. The topography of the watershed is mountainous, with the creeks narrow valley being surrounded by steep ridges. The watershed was described as rugged, with sharp topographical features, in a 1938 report. The watershed is not affected by glaciation, as it is approximately 30 mi south of the glacial moraine.</p><br>
<p>Although there are several camps along White Deer Creek, the area in its vicinity is not heavily developed until the creek&#39;s final few miles. There are a number of long, rocky rapids on the creek near Nittany Mountain, and the whitewater on the creek only ends in its lowermost reaches. A 4 ft dam for water supply is located on White Deer Creek a few miles upstream of Interstate 80. The creek experiences erosion and instability at its mouth.</p><br>
<p>The channel of White Deer Creek is sinuous and flows through rock formations consisting of sandstone. The creek has a rocky streambed and high banks. The floodplain of the creek is one of the more prominent floodplains in Union County. There are numerous riffles on the creek where it flows past boulders.</p><br>
<p>In the lowlands of the White Deer Creek watershed, coarse-grained soils are predominant; sand, silt, gravel, and boulders are common. Clay occurs in a few areas near old dams. The sides of the valley are covered by sandstone outcroppings, dolomite, and dolomite boulders, while the ridgetops are composed of weather-resistant sandstone.</p><br>
<p>The average annual rate of precipitation in the watershed of White Deer Creek is 35 to 45 in. In several dozen measurements in the 1970s and 2010s, the water temperature of the creek near White Deer ranged from -0.1 to 23.1 C. The creek maintains cool temperatures even when other freestone streams become to warm or shallow to fish in. However, it does tend to become relatively shallow in the springtime. The creek remains clear except after major storms.</p><br>
<h2>Watershed</h2><br>
<p>The watershed of White Deer Creek has an area of 45.1 square miles. The creek is one of the major streams in Union County. The area of the watershed upstream of the water supply dam has an area of 37.83 square miles.</p><br>
<p>White Deer Creek flows alongside Interstate 80 in northern Union County for a substantial portion of its length, although the highway can rarely be seen or heard from the creek in most reaches. At the United States Geological Survey stream gage on White Deer Creek near White Deer, the creek drains an area of 40 square miles.</p><br>
<p>The White Deer District of the Pennsylvania-American Water Company, which serves 41,000 people in 15 municipalities in Northuberland County and Union County, uses a small dam on White Deer Creek as one of its main water supplies. Upstream of this dam, more than 99 percent of the watershed of the creek is forested. The Pennsylvania Bureau of Forestry owns the vast majority of the land in the creek&#39;s watershed upstream of the dam. However, the Pennsylvania Bureau of State Parks owns two small tracts and the Pennsylvania-American Water Company owns the area around the dam. The remainder of the land in this part of the watershed is owned by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. However, there is land devoted to agriculture in the area between White Deer Creek, Interstate 80, and US Route 15.</p><br>
<p>An overhead power line, a compressed natural gas pipeline, on-lot wastewater systems, and unpaved roads are present in the watershed of White Deer Creek. These are considered by the Pennsylvania-American Water Company to be potential sources of contamination to its water supply on the creek.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>White Deer Creek was entered into the Geographic Names Information System on August 2, 1979. Its identifier in the Geographic Names Information System is 1191267. The creek is also known as Whitedeer Creek or South Branch White Deer Creek. These variant names appear in David B. Stevensons 1969 masters thesis Place Names of Centre County Pennsylvania: A Geographical Analysis.</p><br>
<p>White Deer Creeks name comes from the Delaware word Woap-achtu-hanne, meaning "white-deer</p><br>
<p>stream". White Deer Creek appears on Scull&#39;s map in 1759 as Opaghtanoten and White Flint Creek.</p><br>
<p>The widow Catharine Smith began building a sawmill and a gristmill on White Deer Creek in 1774 and completed the construction in 1775. Smith established a boring mill at the mouth of White Deer Creek in the summer of 1776. The mill was used to make gun barrels for the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. An early settlement near the creek was destroyed by the British in 1777.</p><br>
<p>A state road running between Bellefonte and the mouth of White Deer Creek was constructed in 1824. Numerous mills had been constructed on the creek by the 1830s. These included Daniel Caldwell&#39;s stone gristmill, fulling mill, sawmill, carding machine, and distillery. In 1845, G.W. Green, Joseph Green, and David Howard established a pig iron furnace whose blast was powered by a race on the creek. John McCall, a native of Scotland, established a camp in the upper reaches of the watershed by 1860 and used splash dams to float the logs downstream to his mill. Ario Pardee later established a system to float them all the way to the mouth of White Deer Creek, where they were ferried to Watsontown for milling.</p><br>
<p>Near the turn of the 20th century, the Kulp Lumber Mill processed millions of board feet of timber taken from White Deer Creek and Spruce Run via a narrow gauge railway system. In the early 1900s, the main industry in the watershed of White Deer Creek was agriculture. Major communities in the watershed during this time period included Whitedeer, which had a population of 136. The White Deer and Loganton Railroad also followed the creek throughout its length. It was incorporated by the White Deer Lumber Company on April 26, 1906 and ran as far as Loganton, a distance of 24 mi. The tracks were removed in 1916. The Lewisburg and Tyrone Railroad also had spurs reaching into the upper reaches of the creek&#39;s watershed. White Deer Creek was used as a water supply by the White Deer Mountain Water Company during this time period, as well.</p><br>
<p>A steel stringer/multi-beam or girder bridge carrying T-514 over White Deer Creek was built 1.5 mi north of White Deer in 1915 and repaired in 1992. This bridge is 65.9 ft long and it is possible for it to be listed on the National Register of Historic Places. A two-span prestressed box beam or girders bridge carrying State Route 1003 over the creek was built in 1958 and repaired in 2011. This bridge is 86.9 ft long and is 3 mi west of White Deer. A three-span prestressed stringer/multi-beam or girder bridge carrying US Route 15 over the creek was built in 1963 in White Deer and repaired in 2010; this bridge is 228.0 ft long. A prestresed box beam or girders bridge carrying State Route 1011 over the creek in White Deer was built in 1963 and is 89.9 ft long. Two bridges carrying Interstate 80 over the creek were built 5 mi west of White Deer in 1970; both were three-span prestressed stringer/multi-beam or girder bridges with lengths of 136.2 ft. One was repaired in 1994 and the other in 1999. A two-span steel stringer/multi-beam or girder bridge was built across the creek 0.2 mi northeast of White Deer in 1974 and is 68.9 ft long.</p><br>
<p>The White Deer Creek Restoration Committee, which was established to study instability problems for White Deer Creek and potential solutions, received a $5275 Growing Greener grant in 2000.</p><br>
<h2>Biology</h2><br>
<p>The drainage basin of White Deer Creek is designated as a High-Quality Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery. Wild trout naturally reproduce in the creek from its headwaters downstream to the White Deer Dam, a distance of 18.40 mi. A total of 3.1 mi of the creek (from the Union County line to Cooper Mill Road) have also been stocked with brook trout and brown trout. Stocking of the stream was done as early as the 1930s. Both native brook trout and brown trout inhabit the creek.</p><br>
<p>At least one rare species has been observed in the vicinity of White Deer Creek.</p><br>
<p>Forests and dense areas of mountain laurel occupy most of the valley of White Deer Creek in some reaches. The stream&#39;s forested valley consists mainly of hemlock trees and mixed oak forest. The Union County Natural Areas Inventory recommended maintaining a forested riparian buffer around the creek.</p><br>
<p>The original virgin timber in the watershed of White Deer Creek was cut down in the 1890s. By the late 1930s, second-growth trees including hardwoods, hemlocks, pines, and aspens, grew in the watershed, some of them up to 1 ft in diameter. However, occasional old-growth pines or oaks remained. As a 1938 report noted, rhododendrons and mountain laurel thickets also grew extremely densely in the watershed, through the vegetation became less dense at higher elevations, with only scrub oak forests on the ridgetops.</p><br>
<h2>Recreation</h2><br>
<p>The watershed of White Deer Creek has been a significant recreational area since at least the 1930s, by which time improved roads granted access to the watershed. This allowed wealthier residents of Lewisburg, Milton, Sunbury, Watsontown, and Williamsport to construct weekend/vacation cabins in the watershed. Hunting and fishing clubs were also active in the area by this time period.</p><br>
<p>At least 17.1 mi of White Deer Creek is navigable by canoe during rapid spring snowmelt or within five days of heavy rain. The difficulty of the creek ranges from 1 to 3- and the scenery is described as "good" in Edward Gertler&#39;s book Keystone Canoeing.</p><br>
<p>Much of the length of White Deer Creek is in state forest lands.</p><br>
<p>The scenery in the vicinity of White Deer Creek has been described as "thick and beautiful". It is classified as Approved Trout Waters by the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission from Cooper Mill Road downstream to the creek&#39;s mouth. As of 2004, there is a 3.1 mi long section that is Delayed Harvest Fly-Fishing Only. The creek has been described as "an excellent dry fly stream".</p><br>
<p>Mid Penn Trailblazers&#39; marathon Dam Full crosses the headwaters of White Deer Creek at between 15.5 and. The Mid State Trail also crosses the creek.</p><br>
<p>Lung Kwu Chau  is an island at the northwest water of Hong Kong. It is off the shore of Lung Kwu Tan near Tuen Mun in the mainland New Territories, separated by waterway of Urmston Road.</p><br>
<p>The island is formed of Hong Kong granite and is unoccupied.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The earliest cultural remains of the Lung Kwu Chau Archaeological Site can be dated to the middle phase of the Neolithic (ca. 4000-2000 B.C.), representing the beginning of cultural history in the Hong Kong area.</p><br>
<p>Lung Kwu Chau is clearly marked in O Livro de Francisco Rodrigues, written in 1514.</p><br>
<h2>Conservation</h2><br>
<p>Since 1996, the island, together with Sha Chau and Pak Chau are within the boundaries of the Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park. The three island have been listed as a Site of Special Scientific Interest since 1979. It is known as a dolphin sanctuary where is the habitat for the Chinese White Dolphin.</p><br>
<p>Lake Munmorah or Munmorah Lake, a lagoon that is part of the Tuggerah Lakes, is located within the local government area in the Central Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The lake is located near the settlement of Lake Munmorah and is situated about 110 km north of Sydney.</p><br>
<h2>Features and location</h2><br>
<p>Drawing its catchment from Colongra Lake and Mannering Lake, and fed by Budgewoi Creek, Lake Munmorah is located north of Budgewoi and is bounded by Wyee, Mannering Park and Wyee Bay. To the south of the lake, the Budgewoi Lake and Tuggerah Lake drains excess water, that flows to the Tasman Sea of the South Pacific Ocean, via The Entrance. When full, Lake Munmorah covers an area of around 780 hectare.</p><br>
<h2>National Park of Munmorah</h2><br>
<p>Lake Munmorah has an NPWS owned National Park north east of Munmorah. It hosts beaches, lookouts, picnic areas, hiking trails and more.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In October 2013 the area was threatened by bushfires. Evacuations were carried out to Doyalson and Swansea RSL&#39;s (Returned Services League) and Gwandalan Bowling Club. Power lines were brought down affecting over 600 homes. Munmorah State Conservation Area had large areas burnt out. One man died while trying to protect his heritage listed home.</p><br>
<p>Conway Lake is a 1,316 acre water body with a maximum depth of 45 ft, located in Carroll County in eastern New Hampshire, in the United States. The lake is located in the towns of Conway and Eaton, just to the east of the White Mountains, and is part of the Saco River watershed.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Conway Lake was formerly known as Walkers Pond. At the northern edge of the lake on Mill Street there is a park by that name that comprises the Conway Lake Dam and original mill site. In 1773, 100 acre were granted to Captain Timothy Walker by the town of Conway, in order to build a sawmill and gristmill. It was later sold to H. B. Cotton, who began to make boxes and piano backings. Henry Peary was the last owner of the mill, but it burned down and was never rebuilt, hurting the towns economy. In 1817 the Gazetteer of the State of New Hampshire said of Conway: "It contains 4 corn mills, 5 saw mills, 1 mill for dressing cloth, 2 carding machines, 3 distilleries, and 3 retail stores."</p><br>
<p>It was not until the coming of the train tracks in 1865 that the mills started to prosper. At that time logs were floated over Conway Lake for processing before being hauled off by freight car to Portsmouth and other places. Together with the nearby granite from Redstone, the mills on Mill Street were responsible for producing wood for several train stations in New England.</p><br>
<p>A public beach was added in 1952, deeded to the town from Public Service Company of New Hampshire. The town raised $100 for improvements to the beach. With the success of the public beach the town soon added a boat launch.</p><br>
<p>Sokoki Indian relics have been found on the lake. George Chapman found artifacts around 1965. They were found in the Sokoki village on the north shore of the lake.</p><br>
<h2>Fish species</h2><br>
<p>Species in Conway Lake include the following warm-water freshwater fish: chain pickerel, hornpout (same as BBH – brown bullhead), landlocked salmon, largemouth bass, rainbow trout, and smallmouth bass. The New Hampshire Fish and Game Department manages the lake for landlocked salmon; fishing licenses are required, and the lake waters are patrolled regularly.</p><br>
<h2>Uses</h2><br>
<p>Through the years, Conway Lake has been a source for recreation. There is one public beach located off Mill Street in Conway. The lake has one public campground, Cove Camping Area, which is located in the Eaton portion of the lake. The lake is utilized for swimming, boating, canoeing, and fishing.</p><br>
<h2>The legend of Ol' Pork Chop ("Scar")</h2><br>
<p>The lake is home to herons, loons, eagles, deer, snakes, stinkpot turtles, painted turtles and snapping turtles. According to older residents, there exists a very old and very large snapping turtle named Pork Chop, who is so-called because a summer resident claims to have fed the turtle pork chops each year. Stories of Ol&#39; Pork Chop have been used successfully to coax children out of the water, but there have been no known snapping turtle attacks reported (aside from those on unsuspecting ducklings). Residents of the inlet on the north end of the lake call this turtle "Scar" due to a prominent laceration across his face. Aside from pork chops, Scar appears to favor leftover pizza crusts in supplement to his typical lake fare.</p><br>
<p>Merrymeeting Lake is a 1,233 acre water body located in Strafford County in eastern New Hampshire, United States, in the town of New Durham. Its outlet is the Merrymeeting River, flowing south and then northwest to Lake Winnipesaukee.</p><br>
<p>The shores of Merrymeeting Lake are moderately to heavily developed. The lake has a busy recreational character rather than a wilderness character. Only a few small segments of shoreline remain undeveloped. The undeveloped areas are the western side of Sawtooth Cove, because the land is extremely steep there and difficult to build on, and the far eastern shore of the lake which is not easily accessible by road.</p><br>
<p>In the 1980s, most buildings along the lake were simple summer camps. During the 1990s, most of these structures were replaced by higher end summer homes, some worth millions of dollars. The town of New Durham maintains two paved roads, North Shore Road and South Shore Road, which almost encircle the lake, allowing for year-round residence. However, the winter population is small. Most properties on the lake are second homes for affluent families.</p><br>
<p>There is a dam at the west end of the lake, which is used to control the lakes water level. Each year in the fall the water level in the lake is lowered via the dam. Water level is restored to its normal level in the spring by snow melt and rainfall. The Powder Mill Fish Hatchery is located at the base of the dam, and is fed by the overflow of the lakes water.</p><br>
<p>Merrymeeting Lake has common loons which nest on the western shore. Ducks also live on the lake, although feeding them is discouraged by the Merrymeeting Lake Association. The New Hampshire Fish and Game Department stocks the lake for recreational fishing. The lake is classified as a cold- and warmwater fishery, with observed species including rainbow trout, landlocked salmon, lake trout, smallmouth bass, chain pickerel, and horned pout.</p><br>
<p>Province Lake is a 968 acre water body located on the border between New Hampshire and Maine in the United States. Approximately 950 acre of the lake lie in the towns of Effingham and Wakefield, New Hampshire, with the remainder in Parsonsfield, Maine. Its outlet is the South River, flowing north to the Ossipee River, a tributary of the Saco River.</p><br>
<p>Province Lake&#39;s maximum depth is between 15 and, quite shallow for a New Hampshire lake, so there are no coldwater fish within. It is fed by several wetland areas, one named stream (Hobbs Brook), and by underwater springs. The quality of the water is high. The lake is classified as a warmwater fishery, with observed species including smallmouth and largemouth bass, chain pickerel, and horned pout. Loons, an eagle, great blue heron, and occasional mergansers are seen at the lake.</p><br>
<p>The Emily Dickinson Museum is a historic house museum consisting of two houses: the Dickinson Homestead  and the Evergreens. The Dickinson Homestead was the birthplace and home from 1855–1886 of 19th-century American poet Emily Dickinson , whose poems were discovered in her bedroom there after her death. The house next door, called the Evergreens, was built by the poet&#39;s father, Edward Dickinson, in 1856 as a wedding present for her brother Austin. Located in Amherst, Massachusetts, the houses are preserved as a single museum and are open to the public on guided tours. The Emily Dickinson Home is a US National Historic Landmark, and properties contribute to the Dickinson Historic District, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Dickinson family had a long record of residency in the Connecticut River valley, dating back to the early days of English colonial settlement of the area. Her great grandfather Nathaniel Dickinson was one of the founders of Hadley, Massachusetts and surveyed the lands around the area including todays Amherst, Massachusetts. Nathan Dickinson moved to the relatively new town of Amherst, Massachusetts in 1742. By the early 19th century, the Dickinson family had accumulated some 14 acre land on the east side of town. In 1813, Samuel Fowler Dickinson (1775–1838), built the Dickinson Homestead on Main Street, its grandeur reflecting his prominence then as a lawyer. However, his financial affairs were less secure, and by 1817, he had mortgaged the house for $2,500; in 1825, he mortgaged the Homestead again, along with other properties, to Oliver Smith for $6,000. In 1828, when Samuel Fowler Dickinson went bankrupt, Smith sold the mortgaged properties to John Leland and Nathan Dickinson, Samuels nephew.</p><br>
<h3>Edward Dickinson's residency</h3><br>
<p>In March 1830, Samuel Fowler Dickinson&#39;s eldest son Edward purchased the western half of the Homestead for $1,500, and moved in with his wife and young son Austin. Nine months later, on December 10, their second child, Emily Dickinson, was born there. Lavinia was born there three years later.</p><br>
<p>In 1833, persistent money troubles forced Edward to sell the Homestead back to Leland and Nathan, who in turn gave the entire property to General David Mack, Jr. Macks family occupied the western half of the Homestead, while Edward and his family moved into the eastern half. They remained there until 1840, when they moved to a nearby house on West Street (now North Pleasant), overlooking Amhersts West Cemetery. By 1855, fifteen years later, Edward had risen to prominence and wealth, and was able to purchase the entire Homestead and surrounding land for $6,000 after Mack&#39;s death. The family moved back to the Homestead in 1856. That same year, Edward began construction of The Evergreens just west of the Homestead, presenting it as a wedding gift to his son Austin and new wife Susan.</p><br>
<p>The property included a 1.5 acre garden, which was tended by Emily, Lavinia, and their mother, and Emily often sent flowers along with notes to her acquaintances. A large barn stood directly behind the house to shelter the family&#39;s horses, cow, and chickens and provide rooms for the groundskeeper. Linking the two Dickinson houses was a path described by Emily Dickinson as "just wide enough for two who love," crossing the lawn from the back door of the Homestead to the east piazza of The Evergreens.</p><br>
<p>In the 1860s, Edward and Austin Dickinson planted a low hemlock hedge that spanned the street frontage of both houses. Edward Dickinson died in 1874; his funeral service was held in the Homestead. His wife died, after years of chronic illness and a stroke, in 1882.</p><br>
<h3>Emily Dickinson's residency</h3><br>
<p>Emily Dickinson occupied the Homestead for much of her life. The longest absence was between 1840 and 1855, when the familys finances necessitated a move. Beginning in the 1850s she became increasingly secluded from outside contact, although the reasons for this are not entirely clear. She took to interacting with visitors through closed doors, and did not travel unless necessary. In 1868 she wrote to Thomas Wentworth Higginson, a regular correspondent, that "I do not cross my Fathers ground to any House or town" in response to his suggestion that she come to Boston so they might meet. She did, however, tend the flower garden, which was locally appreciated, and visited her brothers family next door. She died in 1886, and her funeral service was held in the Homesteads library.</p><br>
<p>Pursuant to Emilys wishes, her sister Lavinia destroyed her correspondence. She found the bulk of Emilys poetry in a locked chest in Emilys room, and immediately recognized the collections significance. The complete works were first published in 1955.</p><br>
<h3>Later history</h3><br>
<p>The longest-lived member of the family was Lavinia, who occupied the Homestead until her death in 1899. At that time, the Homestead was inherited by Austins daughter, Martha Dickinson Bianchi. She leased the house to tenants until 1916, when she sold it to the Parke family. In 1963 the house was designated a National Historic Landmark. In 1965, the Parke family sold the house to the Trustees of Amherst College. The college used the house for faculty housing, but opened portions of the house, including Emilys room, for public tours.</p><br>
<p>Next door, Austin and Susan Dickinson lived at The Evergreens until their respective deaths in 1895 and 1913. Martha Dickinson Bianchi, their only surviving child, continued to live in the house, and preserved it, without change, until her own death in 1943. Her heirs – co-editor Alfred Leete Hampson, and later his widow, Mary Landis Hampson – continued to preserve the house as a "time capsule" of a prosperous nineteenth-century household in a New England town, recognizing the tremendous historical and literary significance of a site left completely intact. In 1991, The Evergreens passed to a private testamentary trust, the Martha Dickinson Bianchi Trust, which began developing the house as a museum.</p><br>
<p>The trust&#39;s work led to discussions with the college over collaboration between the two on administration of their respective properties. These culminated in the merger of the two efforts in 2003, when the trust transferred ownership of The Evergreens to Amherst College, and the Emily Dickinson Museum was formally established to manage the recombined properties.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture and landscaping</h2><br>
<p>The houses today are located at 280 Main Street, across the street from the First Congregational Church (constructed in 1739). The property is one block east of the center of town and two blocks north of Amherst College. It is bounded on the south by Main Street, on the east by Triangle Street, on the north by Lessey Street, and on the west by a public park. The grounds include a wide lawn east of the buildings, which was originally the site of the Dickinson family gardens.</p><br>
<h3>The Homestead</h3><br>
<p>The Homestead began as a fashionable Federal style house, and was probably the first brick house in Amherst. It was originally painted red to mask the color and texture variations of bricks and mortar. Subsequent changes to the house in the 1830s and 1840s introduced Greek revival architectural features as well as stylish white paint on the facades exposed to more public scrutiny. During his ownership, General Mack "enlarged the attic space by replacing the hip roof with gables, raised the roof line on the north and south sides, and added a second story to the wooden office on the west".</p><br>
<p>Edward Dickinson made extensive interior and exterior alterations to the Homestead in 1855. He built a brick addition for the kitchen and laundry on the back of the house, erected a veranda on the western side, embellished the roof with an Italianate cupola, and built a conservatory for Emily&#39;s exotic plants. He finished the house in an ochre and off-white paint scheme, one that it wore until 1916, when new owners removed all layers of paint through a sandblasting process and painted the woodwork white in accord with early twentieth-century colonial revival tastes.</p><br>
<p>In 2004 the Homestead was repainted in its late-nineteenth-century colors to show it as Emily Dickinson knew it. The restoration also removed aging storm windows, repointed areas of failing masonry, and restored nearly 100 shutters and other architectural elements.</p><br>
<p>In 2009 the plaster ceiling in the front parlor of the Homestead collapsed into the room. The building was open for tours at the time of the collapse but no injuries were sustained by visitors or staff.</p><br>
<h3>The Evergreens</h3><br>
<p>Designed by well-known Northampton architect William Fenno Pratt, the house is one of the earliest and best-preserved examples of Italianate domestic architecture in Amherst. The house is still completely furnished with Dickinson family furniture, household accoutrements, and decor selected and displayed by the family during the nineteenth century.</p><br>
<p>Situated on two high terraces, The Evergreens was surrounded by cultivated planting beds and looked out to the west over a neighbors orchard. Austin Dickinson applied the design principles of Andrew Jackson Downing and Frederick Law Olmsted to The Evergreens landscape. His wife, Susan, tended flower gardens that were held in high regard by townspeople. The lawn between the Homestead and The Evergreens was carefully arranged with an informal distribution of trees and shrubs meant to suggest natural growth, a mix of local and exotic specimens, and open areas where family members played lawn tennis and badminton.</p><br>
<p>As Treasurer of Amherst College (1873–1895), Austin Dickinson was also deeply involved in landscaping of the College grounds, cultivating at the same time a close relationship with prominent landscape architects Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux. He later led the effort to drain and beautify the town common, and spearheaded the drive to form a new style of park-like cemetery in Amherst after the fashion of Mt. Auburn Cemetery in Cambridge.</p><br>
<h2>Museum</h2><br>
<p>Guided and self-guided tours of the Emily Dickinson Museum are offered from April through December. The grounds and gardens are open to the public, but the interiors of both houses are only accessible by guided tour. Specially themed tours change periodically. The museum also hosts literary events that vary from year to year, including poetry readings and parties. The museum is a member of Museums10, an association of ten museums in the Amherst area.</p><br>
<p>Tipner Lake forms the north eastern section of Portsmouth Harbour. It is not an actual lake, but the reclamation of land north of Horsea Island and the building of the M275 motorway in the early 1970s, which passes over a bridge to the west of the lake, can give the impression the body of water is no longer connected to the harbour. The lake is also connected to Portsbridge Creek.</p><br>
<p>Much of the lake is a site of special scientific interest as well as being a Ramsar wetland of international importance.</p><br>
<p>Moves to reclaim the land to provide extra space for the expansion of Portsmouth were rejected in the early 1990s on environmental grounds.</p><br>
<p>The lake is home to the Richard Farrington "Jack Star" sculpture which was installed in late 2000.</p><br>
<p>Fort Frederick Heritage Preserve is a 3 acre property located in Port Royal, South Carolina. Situated along the Beaufort River, the preserve contains the remains of Fort Frederick. Also known as Fort Prince Frederick, the tabby fort was built by the British between 1730 and 1734 to defend against a possible attack from the Spanish at St. Augustine, Florida. It was named to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<p>The fort, also known as Fort Prince Frederick, is believed to be the oldest tabby structure in the state. Provincial scout boats were stationed here periodically. A relatively small fort, it measures 125 feet by 75 feet with an obvious bastion on the southwest side. The eastern wall was lined with a battery and cannon. The interior of the fort held a barracks and a magazine and was garrisoned by an independent company of British regulars until their transfer to Georgia in 1736.</p><br>
<p>The preserve is located adjacent to the grounds of the Beaufort Naval Hospital. Public access is not permitted except for pre-arranged tours through the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources.</p><br>
<p>Arnside and Silverdale is an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty in England, on the border between Lancashire and Cumbria, adjoining Morecambe Bay. One of the smallest AONBs, It covers 29 square miles  between the Kent Estuary, the River Keer and the A6 road. It was designated in 1972.</p><br>
<p>The area is characterised by low hills of Carboniferous Limestone, including Arnside Knott (522 feet) and Warton Crag (535 feet), interspersed with grassland. Much of the area is covered by deciduous woodland, in which ash, oak, and hazel predominate. The coastal area contains large extents of salt marsh, although these are under threat from the shifting channel of the Kent Estuary.</p><br>
<p>The Leighton Moss nature reserve, owned by the RSPB, is the largest area of reedbeds in North West England, and is an Important Bird Area. The bittern, one of the resident species, has been adopted as the logo of the AONB. In addition, there are 15 SSSIs in the area; one of these, Gait Barrows National Nature Reserve, is home to some rare species of butterfly including the high brown fritillary.</p><br>
<p>Arnside and Silverdale are the main villages in the area. Other settlements include Warton, Yealand Redmayne, Beetham and Storth.</p><br>
<p>The Museum of Early Trades and Crafts is a non-profit educational institution in Madison, Morris County, New Jersey, United States. The museum&#39;s mission is:</p><br>
<p>The museum&#39;s historic structure, the Madison Public Library and the James Building, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places (as Reference #: 80002512).</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The museum was founded in 1969 in the former site of the Madison Public Library to house a collection of over 8,000 tools and artifacts used in New Jersey before 1860 that had been collected by Agnes and Edgar Land. The couple started their collection on Long Island in the 1940s, purchasing 18th and 19th century craft items that had been used on area farms that had started to become mechanized or converted to residential developments. The couple continued their collecting after moving to New Jersey.</p><br>
<p>The museums building, designed by the partnership of Charles Brigham and Willard P. Adden of Boston, is a prime example of Romanesque Revival; the building, a gift to the town of D. Willis James, was completed in 1900, and was used as the towns library until the late 1960s when it was leased by the Lands as a site for the museum.</p><br>
<p>The museum underwent an extensive renovation project in the 1990s, funded by a million-dollar fundraising effort, to bring the facility up to date in its century-old structure. As part of the renovation project, the museum received a $240,000 grant from the New Jersey Historic Trust towards interior restoration that would allow the public to appreciate the building&#39;s "most dramatic architectural features--groined vaulting, decorative stained glass and stenciling, fireplaces, handsome light fixtures and intricate woodwork" which had been hidden by architectural changes made over the intervening years since its construction a century earlier.</p><br>
<h2>Exhibits and programs</h2><br>
<p>Artifacts on exhibit at the museum include such items as buckets, powder horns, hayforks, cradle scythes, and the ice saws used to cut and collect ice from the surface ponds in an era before refrigeration.</p><br>
<p>The museum&#39;s most popular programs involve craftspeople — such as carpenters, coopers and blacksmiths — demonstrating the use of these tools in the performance of their professions.</p><br>
<p>Erikub Atoll  is an uninhabited coral atoll of fourteen islands in the Pacific Ocean, located in the Ratak Chain of the Marshall Islands. Its total land area is only 1.53 km², but it encloses a lagoon with an area of 230 km². It is located slightly south of Wotje.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>First recorded sighting by Europeans of Erikub Atoll was on 29 June 1566 by the Spanish galleon San Jerónimo then commanded by pilot Lope Martín. It is however likely that it had already been sighted previously by the Spanish expedition of Ruy López de Villalobos in between December 1542 and January 1543. Pilot Lope Martín who had been pilot of the patache San Lucas on its voyage from New Spain to the Philippines the previous year, had in this occasion mutineed with a gang of twenty six sailors and soldiers and murdered the San Jerónimo&#39;s captain, Pero Sánchez Pericón. The conspirators, including Martín would be later marooned in the Namonuito Atoll.</p><br>
<p>Erikub Atoll was claimed by the Empire of Germany along with the rest of the Marshall Islands in 1884. After World War I, the island came under the South Pacific Mandate of the Empire of Japan. Following the end of World War II, Erikub came under the control of the United States as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. The island has been part of the independent Republic of the Marshall Islands since 1986.</p><br>
<h2>Ecology</h2><br>
<p>Loj island, within the atoll, is a nesting site of the green turtle.</p><br>
<p>Knox Atoll  is an uninhabited coral atoll of 18 islands in the Pacific Ocean, and is the southernmost atoll of the Ratak Chain of the Marshall Islands. The total land area is only 0.98 km&sup2, but it encloses a largely sand-filled lagoon with an area of 3.42 km&sup2;. The atoll measures 11 km in length and is 2 km wide. The largest islets, located on the western and northern sides, include Aelingeo, Nadikdik and Nariktal. The atoll is separated by the Klee Passage from the southern point of Mili Atoll to which it was once connected.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Knox Atoll was claimed by the Empire of Germany along with the rest of the Marshall Islands in 1884. After World War I, the island came under the South Pacific Mandate of the Empire of Japan. Following the end of World War II, it came under the control of the United States as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands until the independence of the Marshall Islands in 1986.</p><br>
<h2>Typhoon</h2><br>
<p>On 30 June 1905 the atoll of Nadikdik was completely washed over by a huge typhoon that stripped the atoll down to the bare coral. All of the some 60 inhabitants perished, save two boys who survived a 24-hour drift voyage clinging on a breadfruit tree. In the century since then, the islands have largely regenerated.</p><br>
<p>The Independence Mountains are a mountain range in northern Elko County, Nevada, United States. The range reaches a maximum elevation of 10,439 ft on the summit of McAfee Peak. The range extends northward approximately 70 mi from a point near Carlin to the banks of the Owyhee River. To the east is the North Fork of the Humboldt River, and to the west is the Owyhee Desert. Passing to the south is the main branch of the Humboldt River, and near the northern end of the range is the Wild Horse State Recreation Area. The Owyhee River is tributary to the Snake-Columbia system, while the Humboldt is within the Great Basin.</p><br>
<p>From a point about seven miles north of Carlin, the range rises to Swales Mountain, at an elevation of 8,068 ft. Dropping to an area of hills and buttes, it then rises again to Lone Mountain (Nannies Peak), at 8,780 ft. The range then drops nearly to the level of the surrounding valleys, at a pass where State Route 226 connects to the community of Tuscarora.</p><br>
<p>Rising sharply to the main core of the range, the crest runs through Wheeler Mountain (9,057 ft), Jack&#39;s Peak (10,198 ft), and finally to the range high point, McAfee Peak.</p><br>
<p>Most of the range north of State Route 226 is included within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest.</p><br>
<p>The Jarbidge Mountains are a mountain range in northern Elko County, Nevada, United States. The range includes multiple sub-ranges, including the Bruneau Range, Buck Creek Mountains, Copper Mountains, Elk Mountains, Fox Creek Range, Ichabod Range, Marys River Range, Salmon River Range and Wild Horse Range. The central core of the range, including most of the peaks above 10,500 ft, extends southward approximately 5 mi from a point near the small community of Jarbidge.</p><br>
<p>The central core of the Jarbidge Mountains, along with the Elk Mountains, Fox Creek Range and Marys River Range, are contained within the Jarbidge Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The central Jarbidge Mountains and Marys River Range are also included within the Jarbidge Wilderness. Most of the other sub-ranges west of the central core are included within the Mountain City Ranger District. The Salmon River Range is the only sub-range not included within the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest.</p><br>
<p>The highest peaks in the range include:</p><br>
<p>Matterhorn Peak 10,838 ft.</p><br>
<p>Jarbidge Peak 10,793 ft</p><br>
<p>Square Top Mountain 10,694 ft</p><br>
<p>Jumbo Peak 10,635 ft</p><br>
<p>Marys River Peak 10,570 ft (two miles south-southeast of the main crest in the Marys River Range)</p><br>
<p>Cougar Peak 10,559 ft</p><br>
<p>Prospect Peak 10,439 ft (one mile east of the main crest)</p><br>
<p>God&#39;s Pocket Peak 10,185 ft (four miles east of the main crest in the Marys River Range)</p><br>
<p>The Pilot Range is a mountain range straddling the border of Box Elder County, Utah and Elko County, Nevada, United States. Lying 50 miles west of the Great Salt Lake, the range forms part of the north-west border of the Great Salt Lake Desert. The range reaches a maximum elevation of 10,716 feet at the summit of Pilot Peak. Most of the range is public Bureau of Land Management land and thus has no access restrictions. Its principal uses are mining, livestock grazing, and seasonal elk and deer hunting.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Pilot Range begins about 15 mi north of the community of West Wendover, and continues north-northeastwards for approximately 30 mi. The abandoned railroad town of Lucin, Utah lay two miles north-east.</p><br>
<p>The range runs SSW to NNE, with various canyons spurring east and west off a prominent ridgeline. It covers an area of about 51,200 acres. Elevation varies from a base of 5,000 ft feet to  to 10,716 foot (3,266 m) Pilot Peak. Other significant summits in the range are Copper Mountain, Bald Eagle Mountain, and Rhyolite Butte.</p><br>
<p>To the east of the range lie Pilot Valley Playa and its springs; beyond that the Silver Island Mountains, and the north section of Pilot Creek Valley to the west.</p><br>
<p>Several fresh and salty springs flow from the base of the alluvial fans at the base of the range. The largest is Bettridge Creek, a habitat for the threatened Lahontan cutthroat trout.</p><br>
<p>Spruce Mountain is a mountain in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It ranks twenty-fifth among the most topographically prominent peaks in the state. The summit is at 10,267 ft. Spruce Mountain is on a northeast–southwest trending ridge with a parallel Spruce Ridge to the northwest. To the east, a low section of hills connects the mountain to the south end of the Pequop Mountains. US Route 93 passes the southwest end of the mountain. The peak is on public land administered by the Bureau of Land Management and thus has no access restrictions.</p><br>
<p>The western side of the mountain was the site of copper, silver, and lead mining during the late 19th century. The settlement of Sprucemont on the western slope of the mountain supported the mining activity and existed from 1868 through about 1900 and is now a ghost town. Electronics researcher Ralph Hartley was born at Sprucemont in 1888.</p><br>
<h2>Summit panorama</h2><br>
<p>The Snake Range is a mountain range in White Pine County, Nevada, United States. The south-central portion of the range is included within Great Basin National Park, with most of the remainder included within the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range reaches a maximum elevation of 13,065 ft at the summit of Wheeler Peak, the tallest independent mountain within Nevada and the second highest point within the state . The range also contains four of the five highest mountain peaks in Nevada, including all peaks greater than 12,000 ft except for Boundary Peak.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Typical of other ranges in the Basin and Range Province, the Snake Range runs in a north-south direction, for approximately 60 mi.</p><br>
<p>To the west are Spring Valley and the Schell Creek Range, and to the east across the Utah border are Snake Valley and the Confusion Range. Sacramento Pass (7,154 ft) is where USA Route 6-50, the "Loneliest Highway in America", crosses the range. It is the principal means of eastbound access to this part of eastern Nevada.</p><br>
<h2>Natural history</h2><br>
<p>Great Basin National Park is located in the southern section of the Snake Range. Established in 1986, it protects the unique geologic and habitat features of the mountain range and Great Basin Desert, and their representations of the Central Basin and Range ecoregion. The southern section also includes the natural rock Lexington Arch (83 ft span), and the Lehman Caves, both formed from the range&#39;s limestone.</p><br>
<p>Several large groves of ancient Great Basin Bristlecone Pine (Pinus longaeva) trees thrive in the Great Basin montane forests of the range&#39;s higher elevations.</p><br>
<p>The higher elevations of the Snake Range in the northern section are protected by the Mount Moriah Wilderness Area, and in the southern section by the Highland Ridge Wilderness.</p><br>
<h2>Peaks</h2><br>
<h3>Southern</h3><br>
<p>The Snake Range includes two groups of peaks. The southern section rises quickly from a point near the border with Lincoln County, reaching the summit of Granite Peak (11,218 ft) just 10 mi to the north.</p><br>
<p>From there northwards the range continues to rise, passing Lincoln Peak (11,597 ft), Mt. Washington (11,658 ft), Pyramid Peak (11,926 ft), Baker Peak (12,298 ft), and Jeff Davis Peak (12,771 ft).</p><br>
<p>It finally reaching its apex at Wheeler Peak (13,063 ft).</p><br>
<h3>Northern</h3><br>
<p>North of Wheeler Peak the range begins to drop, reaching 7,154 ft at Sacramento Pass, just 11 mi to the north. Sacramento Pass is where the more remote northern section of the range begins.</p><br>
<p>In just 12 mi the range rises past Silver Creek Canyon and Hendrys Creek Canyon to the summit of photogenic Mt. Moriah (12,067 ft). To the north of this peak is an unusual formation, a flat plateau of sub-alpine tundra called "The Table", covering about 2 square miles at an elevation of 11,000 ft. A grove of ancient Great Basin Bristlecone Pines grows on this plateau near the peak.</p><br>
<p>North of "The Table" is another unusual geologic feature. Deadman Creek and Smith Creek, draining eastward into Snake Valley, combine to carve a deep canyon into the range. The mouth of this canyon lies below 3,000 ft cliffs, 6,000 ft below and 6 mi away from the summit of Mt. Moriah.</p><br>
<p>Fishing Cone is a geyser in the West Thumb Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park in the United States.</p><br>
<p>In the earlier part of the 20th century, this cone had eruptions as high as 40 feet (12 m). As the water level in Yellowstone Lake has increased, the cone is now inundated during the spring and the temperatures in the cone have cooled enough that it no longer erupts and is now considered a hot spring.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The name Fishing Cone can be traced back to tales told by mountain men of a lake where one could catch a fish, immediately dunk it into the hot spring, and cook it on the hook. A member of the 1870 Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition popularized this feat.</p><br>
<p>William Trumbell, a member of the Washburn party, wrote about the fishing cone in his account of the expedition:</p><br>
<p>In Henry Winser&#39;s The Yellowstone National Park - A Manual for Tourists (1883) he described using hot springs to cook trout:</p><br>
<p>Park visitors used to be allowed to fish off the cone and cook the fish in the boiling water, but these activities are now prohibited. The ban was announced in November 1911 and became effective in the beginning of 1912.</p><br>
<p>Fountain Geyser is a geyser in the Lower Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park in the United States.</p><br>
<p>Fountain is the dominant member of a group of geysers at the Fountain Paint Pots thermal area. Morning Geyser, which erupts from a vent close to Fountain&#39;s, is larger, but is inactive during most years. Fountain, by contrast, is usually active. It is a fountain-type geyser that erupts jets ranging in height up to 80 ft or more, with most eruptions containing at least a few bursts that reach 40 to 50 feet. Intervals between eruptions vary from year to year but are commonly about 6 hours, with occasional longer intervals of 11 to 12 hours. Durations of eruptions are typically about 30 minutes. On occasion Fountain departs from its usual behavior and enters so-called "wild-phase" eruption, during which the height is much reduced but the duration can be as long as two weeks.</p><br>
<p>Fountain is not to be confused with similarly named, and nearby (and larger), Great Fountain Geyser, another of the major features of Lower Geyser Basin, adjacent to the Firehole Lake road.</p><br>
<p>The William Ross Rust House is a house in Tacoma, Washington, United States, built in 1905 for William Ross Rust, then President of the Tacoma Smelter and Refining Company. The house was designed by Ambrose J. Russell, who worked for Russell & Babcock with Everett Phipps Babcock, and was built by Charles Miller. Russell & Babcock also designed the Washington Governor&#39;s Mansion.</p><br>
<p>It was built of sandstone from the Wilkeson sandstone quarry in Wilkeson, Washington. The building has a green, glazed terra cotta tile roof, 18 rooms, 4 baths, and 8 fireplaces. It was modeled after the John A. McCall Mansion in Monmouth County, New Jersey (built in 1903, destroyed by fire in 1927). It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 23, 1985.</p><br>
<p>Echinus Geyser is a geyser in the Norris Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park in the United States.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Echinus was named during one of the USA Geological Surveys of the park in the late 1870s or early 1880s. The name Echinus comes from the spiny appearance of the cone that resembles a Sea urchin or class Echinoidea.</p><br>
<h2>Eruption</h2><br>
<p>Echinus eruptions are unpredictable. Its fountain reaches a height of as much as 40 to 60 ft, with a duration of about 4 minutes. Prior to 1998, this geyser was very regular, every 35 to 75 minutes. There were also major eruptions that lasted as much as 118 minutes. It is speculated that there was a secondary underground water source that used to power the major eruptions and that the connection to the source was severed leading to Echinus current state.</p><br>
<p>Echinus is the largest acid-water geyser in the world. Its waters have a pH of 3.3 to 3.6, nearly as acidic as vinegar. The water temperature is 80.3 &deg;C.</p><br>
<p>The Great Fountain Geyser is a fountain-type geyser located in the Firehole Lake area of Lower Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. It is the only predictable geyser in the Lower Geyser Basin.</p><br>
<h2>Eruption</h2><br>
<p>The geyser erupts every 9 to 15 hours. Great Fountain&#39;s maximum height ranges from about 75 ft to over 220 ft. Its duration is usually about one hour but durations of over two hours have been seen. The duration of an eruption affects the interval that will elapse before the next eruption, so that if the duration of an eruption is recorded, the time of the following eruption can be predicted to a precision of about two hours. The prediction can be refined, to plus or minus 15 minutes or so, through observation of overflow from the crater during the period between eruptions. While this pattern of behavior is observed most of the time, there are occasional episodes of so-called "wild-phase" activity during which the eruptions are of greatly extended duration and intervals between eruptions may be as long as three days. The geyser is then unpredictable until wild-phase activity ceases and more normal eruptions resume.</p><br>
<p>Nearby White Dome Geyser, which erupts considerably more frequently (albeit less powerfully) from a large geyserite cone, is easily seen from the same parking lot that affords a viewpoint for Great Fountain. The thermophilic bacterium Thermus aquaticus, important because it produces an enzyme used in polymerase chain reaction laboratory procedures central to modern molecular biology, was first isolated from Mushroom Pool, a non-eruptive hot spring a few hundred feet from White Dome Geyser.</p><br>
<p>Meshoppen Creek is a tributary of the Susquehanna River in Susquehanna and Wyoming counties, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 30.6 mi long and flows through Bridgewater Township, Dimock Township, and Springville Township in Susquehanna County and Lemon Township, Washington Township, Meshoppen Township, and Meshoppen in Wyoming County. The watershed of the creek has an area of 114 square miles. It is possible to canoe on 17.0 mi of Meshoppen Creek.</p><br>
<h2>Course</h2><br>
<p>Meshoppen Creek begins on a hill in Bridgewater Township, Susquehanna County. It heads downhill, flowing south-southeast for less than a mile before turning south-southwest. Eventually, the creek turns south and passes the community of Watrous Corners. Continuing south and slightly west for a few miles, it eventually flows roughly along the border between Bridgewater Township and Dimock Township. After a short distance, the creek completely enters Dimock Township and continues south and west for several more miles. In the southern edge of the township, it passes through a lake and receives the tributary Burdlick Creek. The creek then enters Springville Township. It continues southwest until it picks up the tributary Sevens Creek. It then briefly turns south before turning southwest again. The creek then begins meandering for a few miles, receiving the tributaries Pond Brook, Thomas Creek, and North Branch Meshoppen Creek. It then leaves Susquehanna County.</p><br>
<p>Upon leaving Susquehanna County, Meshoppen Creek enters Lemon Township, Wyoming County. It continues meandering southwest, crossing Pennsylvania Route 29, entering Washington Township and passing Valentine Hill. The creek then reaches Kaiserville and begins meandering west. The creek eventually enters Meshoppen Township. It almost immediately picks up West Branch Meshoppen Creek and turns south. After less than a mile, it turns west. A few miles later, it reaches the community of Meshoppen. In Meshoppen, it crosses USA Route 6 and reaches its confluence with the Susquehanna River.</p><br>
<p>Meshoppen Creek joins the Susquehanna River 234.44 mi upstream of its mouth.</p><br>
<h2>Geography, geology, and climate</h2><br>
<p>The elevation near the mouth of Meshoppen Creek is 617 ft above sea level. The elevation of the creek&#39;s source is between 1,620 ft and 1,640 ft.</p><br>
<p>A waterfall that is 20 ft high is on Meshoppen Creek. Another waterfall is also situated on the creek near Meshoppen. There are wide, shallow riffles on the creek near State Route 3017. Large numbers of riffles and few pools area also found downstream of Pennsylvania Route 29.</p><br>
<p>The channel of Meshoppen Creek is sinuous. The creek flows through rock formations made of shale and sandstone. Additionally, glacial drift is present in the watershed.</p><br>
<p>The topography of the watershed of Meshoppen Creek is described as "rough and hilly" in a 1921 book. Steep but rounded hills are present in the watershed, as are forests and some swamps and lakes.</p><br>
<p>The rate of precipitation in the watershed of Meshoppen Creek ranges between 35 in and 40 in per year.</p><br>
<h2>Watershed</h2><br>
<p>The watershed of Meshoppen Creek has an area of 114 square miles.</p><br>
<p>Major lakes in the watershed of Meshoppen Creek include Schooleys Pond and Sound Pond. They have surface areas of 39.3 and 34 acres, respectively.</p><br>
<p>Meshoppen Creek flows through rural areas for much of its length. Groves of hemlock and hardwood trees are present in these areas, as are pastures. However, there is some development along the creek where it crosses State Route 3017.</p><br>
<p>A stream gauge is not present on Meshoppen Creek.</p><br>
<h2>History and industries</h2><br>
<p>In the early 1900s, major industries in the watershed of Meshoppen Creek included agriculture, quarries, and sawmills. The creek was also used to power a flour mill in Meshoppen. The Lehigh Valley Railroad also went through the watershed in this time period and used the creek as a water supply.</p><br>
<p>In 1921, the largest communities in the watershed of Meshoppen Creek were Meshoppen and Springville. Their populations were 630 and 550, respectively.</p><br>
<h2>Recreation</h2><br>
<p>A total of 17.0 mi of Meshoppen Creek are possible to canoe on during snowmelt or within several days of heavy rain. Edward Gertler describes the scenery along the creek as "good to excellent" and also writes that the creek is an "awfully pretty little creek". The difficulty rating of the creek for canoeing mostly ranges from 1 to 3-, but there is a patch of class 6 rapids.</p><br>
<p>Seven Oaks Reservoir is a reservoir on the Santa Ana River in San Bernardino County, California, about 8 mi northeast of the city of Redlands. The reservoir is formed by Seven Oaks Dam, which was completed in 1999.</p><br>
<p>The United States Army Corps of Engineers built the zoned earth-and-rock-fill dam at the foot of the San Bernardino Mountains to protect against flooding in the eastern portion of the Greater Los Angeles Area. Its maximum height is 550 feet (168 m) above the pre-existing streambed and 650 feet (198 m) above the lowest portion of the foundation. The reservoir is medium-sized at 147,970 acre.ft, though it is a bit large for a reservoir whose sole purpose is flood control, which means that water is released as soon as safely possible, while still slow enough to allow water to seep into the streambed, recharging the groundwater aquifer. Also, releases are coordinated with Prado Dam, which is 40 miles (60 km) downstream.</p><br>
<p>Lake McClure is a reservoir in the Sierra Nevada foothills of western Mariposa County, California.</p><br>
<p>It is formed by the New Exchequer Dam impounding the Merced River, which is a tributary of the San Joaquin River. It is about 40 mi east of Modesto.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The lake was first created by the original Exchequer Dam, built between 1924 and 1926, a concrete gravity arch dam. Exchequer Reservoir&#39;s original capacity was 281,000 acre.ft. In 1926 its name was changed to Lake McClure to honor Wilbur Fiske McClure, Head Engineers of the State of California, who helped develop and lay out the John Muir Trail in the Sierra Mountains of California. McClure and his brother, John Clarendon McClure, also founded the town of Hacienda Heights, California.</p><br>
<h2>New Exchequer Dam</h2><br>
<p>New Exchequer Dam was built in 1967 to increase the reservoir&#39;s capacity to 1,032,000 acre.ft. It is a rock-fill dam with a reinforced concrete face, owned by the local Merced Irrigation District, which supplies northern Merced County farms with water for irrigation through its 750-mile (1200 km) network of canals. At the base of the dam is a hydroelectric plant with a capacity of 94.5 MW.</p><br>
<p>Besides storing water for irrigation, the lake also provides opportunities for recreation. Only a small amount of water from the lake is used for drinking water, and human contact is allowed. Activities available include boating, water skiing, fishing, and camping. There is a full service marina at the lake as well. Hang gliding is popular at Lake McClure, and the site is reportedly soarable 320 days of the year.</p><br>
<p>McSwain Dam, about 6 mi downstream from New Exchequer Dam, was built at the same time and creates Lake McSwain. The lake is a regulating reservoir for releases from Lake McClure. It has a capacity of 9,700 acre.ft, about one percent of the capacity of Lake McClure. There is a hydroelectric plant at the dam with a capacity of 9 MW.</p><br>
<p>The Merced Irrigation District is exploring raising the level of the New Exchequer Dam with movable gates placed on the emergency spillway.</p><br>
<p>Martins Creek is a 10.4 mi tributary of the Delaware River in eastern Pennsylvania in the United States.</p><br>
<p>Martins Creek joins the Delaware River at the town of Martins Creek.</p><br>
<p>The source of the name was James Martin, early settler to the town Martins Creek, who later was a colonel during the Revolutionary War.</p><br>
<h2>East Fork</h2><br>
<p>The East Fork rises to the south of Kittatinny Mountain in Upper Mount Bethel Township, Northampton County. It is impounded to form Minsi Lake, the center of a county park. The largest white perch caught in the state was caught here in 1991. Below the lake, it flows through a swamp and meets the West Fork just below North Bangor.</p><br>
<h2>West Fork</h2><br>
<p>The West Fork rises in Hamilton Township, Monroe County, where Blue Mountain and Kittatinny Mountain ridges are joined. Flowing northeast, and then swinging east around the end of Blue Mountain, it joins the East Fork just below North Bangor.</p><br>
<h2>Main stream</h2><br>
<p>From the junction of the two forks, the main stream flows south through Roseto and Bangor, an area heavily marked with slate quarries. A former DL&W rail line, now Norfolk Southern, follows it south from Bangor. It passes through Flicksville and meets Greenwalk Creek just below Martins Creek Jct., where an abandoned DL&W line once diverged and ran northwest to Pen Argyl. The creek valley now becomes wide but steep, and increasingly narrow and twisty as it flows further south and meets Little Martins Creek. At the town of Martins Creek, the DL&W line connects to the former PRR Martins Creek Branch (now also Norfolk Southern), and PA Route 611 crosses the creek and runs along it before continuing south along the Delaware River. The creek passes the former Alpha Portland Cement plant, the major industry in the town, and empties into the Delaware River.</p><br>
<h2>Tributaries</h2><br>
<p>Little Martins Creek</p><br>
<p>Greenwalk Creek</p><br>
<p>Alexandreia or Alexandria  is a city in the Imathia regional unit of Macedonia, Greece. Its population was 14,821 at the 2011 census. Alexandreia is a rapidly developing city focusing to boost its economy through agriculture, merchandising, alternative tourism and other alternative actions.</p><br>
<h2>Geography</h2><br>
<p>Alexandreia is a located in the vast plain north of the river Aliakmonas and west of the river Axios, named Kampania or also Roumlouki. Its economy is chiefly based on the agricultural utilization of the surrounding fields. The area around Alexandreia has the greatest production of peaches in Greece and apples, pears, tobacco, and cotton are also grown at large. Its elevation is 10 m above mean sea level. Alexandreia is 19 km south of Giannitsa, 23 km northeast of Veroia and 42 km west of Thessaloniki.</p><br>
<p>Alexandreia has a railway station on the railway from Thessaloniki to Florina. The Platy railway station on the important railway from Thessaloniki to Athens is also situated in the municipality of Alexandreia. The motorways A2 (Egnatia Odos) and A1 pass through the municipality. The Greek National Roads EO1 and EO4 pass through the town.</p><br>
<h3>Municipality</h3><br>
<p>The municipality Alexandreia was formed at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 4 former municipalities, that became municipal units:</p><br>
<p>Alexandreia</p><br>
<p>Antigonides</p><br>
<p>Meliki</p><br>
<p>Platy</p><br>
<p>The municipality has an area of 478.825 km, the municipal unit 140.614 km.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>14th–19th centuries</h3><br>
<p>The area where Alexandreia is located today is called Imathia, which is also the name of the prefecture, but it is also known as Kampania or Roumlouki. The area was conquered by the Ottoman Empire during the late 14th century and was then called Roumlouki by the Ottomans. The first possible mention of Alexandreia as a settlement in history was on a Tapu Tahrir of 1530 under the name of Kato-Gode. However, the same name is absent from a map of the area from 1650.</p><br>
<p>The first solid evidence of a settlement is in an Ottoman tax list (tahrir defterleri) of 1771, which records the settlement of Gidas as the feudal estate of the family of Gazi Evrenos. According to this tax list, Gidas would be charged with 1900 aspers, which would render it the largest village in the area at that time with a probable population of 400 people. There are numerous mentions of Gidas in the following centuries, including the visit of the local Church of St. Athanasios by Cosmas the Aetolian in 1775 as a part of his missionary tours.</p><br>
<p>According to the references and descriptions of Gidas during this period, it was the largest village in the area of Roumlouki, although the area was generally sparsely populated throughout the centuries. Since the local people were subjugated to the Ottomans, they were charged with heavy taxes, which varied from period to period according to the taxation in the Ottoman empire, and as a consequence there was a general resentment towards the Ottomans. The local people were allowed to keep their religion and language, that is they were mostly Orthodox Christians and spoke the Greek language, although many people turned into Muslims so that they could gain the special privileges granted to Muslims. By being a rural area as well as a feudal property, it meant that the people of Gidas were mostly peasants and animal husbandmen, although there were also merchants trading all local kinds of commodities, and there was also a school.</p><br>
<h3>19th century – 1912</h3><br>
<p>Regarding the historical context in Greece during this period, in 1821, the Greek War of Independence broke out in Peloponnese, and by 1832, Greece, was an independent state and nation, after almost 400 years. However, Macedonia was not liberated until the First Balkan War in 1912-1913. During the 19th century, the economic ascent of Thessaloniki and of the other urban centers of Macedonia coincided with the cultural and political renaissance of the Greeks. The ideals and patriotic songs of liberated Greece had made a profound impression upon the Macedonians. However, it was not until the end of the century that the revolutionary fervor of the southern Greeks started spreading to these parts.</p><br>
<p>Meanwhile, the Ottomans had resorted to military rule, which provoked further resistance, and also led to economic dislocation and accelerated population decline. Ottoman landholdings, previously fiefs held directly from the Sultan, became hereditary estates (Chifliks), which could be sold or bequeathed to heirs. The new class of Ottoman landlords reduced the Greek farmers to serfdom, leading to depopulation of the plains, to the escape of many people to the mountains, and to usury, in order to escape poverty.</p><br>
<p>Despite the general agitations in Greece and Macedonia as well as the redeployment of Slavic and Albanian forces and populations in the area, the Greeks living in Roumlouki were isolated and secured from the outer conflicts, and as thus they preserved their folksy lifestyle, their morals and customs and their costumes. As far as Gidas is concerned, in the first half of the 19th century, reports of Gidas are rare. In his work Travels in Northern Greece (1835), Topographer William Martin Leake mentioned travelling from Thessaloniki, through Jedha (Gidas), on his way to Veroia in 1806, setting Gidas as a location within the route Thessaloniki-Veroia. In 1812, physician Sir Henry Holland confirmed the existence of Gidas as a settlement, while travelling over the same route.</p><br>
<p>Reports of Gidas are richer at the end of the century. The 1875&#39;s Ottoman cadastre refers to the Chiflik of Gidahor (Gidas) with an area of 19.328 acres. The owner of the chiflik from 1875 to 1898 was Pasha Mehmed Şefik, who was also a distant descendent of Gazi Evrenos.Ιστορικό Αρχείο Μακεδονίας, τεφτέρι Γ/10 Γιοκλαμά, ημερομηνία σύνταξης την 20η</p><br>
<p>Ιουνίου 1875 From that cadastre, it is known that at least 150 families, of mostly farmers and shepherds, resided in Gidas, and there were also a few shops and an inn, meeting the needs of the dwellers and travelers.</p><br>
<p>In the years that followed, especially after the foundation of the Supreme Macedonian Committee in 1895, the Bulgarian committees, located in Macedonia, were in turmoil with the Greek freedom fighters over the dominance of Macedonia, when it was realized that this part would be the next territorial loss of the Ottoman empire. These conflicts led to the events of the Macedonian Struggle that lasted for four years (1004-1908), in which the area of the Roumlouki played an important role at the outcome of the Struggle. More particularly, many guerrillas born or living in Gidas, called Macedonomachoi, participated actively in those conflicts, most notably including Koungas Theocharis (chieftain), Koukouloudis Thomas (second-class spy), Matopoulos Apostolos (chieftain), Moschopoulos Antonios (priest-teacher) and Perifanos Georgios (soldier).</p><br>
<p>The Young Turk revolution ended the Macedonian Struggle, however skirmishes among the Greeks, the Bulgarians and the Young Turks continued in following years. On 9 October 1912, the first Balkan War was officially declared and very soon after, the Greek Army released the town of Gidas from the Ottoman domination on 18 October. More particularly, in the previous morning, on 17 October, the 3rd infantry half-company marched from Veroia to Gidas with the aid of the local Makedonomachos Koungas Theocharis and camped outside Gidas, intimidating that way the Turk soldiers, who fled the town. The next day, on October 18, the VII Cavalry Division of the Greek Army entered the town freeing the people of Gidas. Because of these two-day events, there has been conflict whether the town was freed on 17 or 18 October. However, the official day of the Liberation of Gidas is considered to be 18 October 1912.</p><br>
<h3>Modern period</h3><br>
<p>After the liberation of Gidas in 1912, the town constituted an autonomous community for the first time on 9 September 1918, under the Provisional Government of National Defence based in Thessaloniki, and was appended to the prefecture of Thessaloniki. The liberation was also followed by a general confusion about the spatial arrangement of the newly acquired land. In 1919, the former chiflik of Gidas was expropriated for the first time and re-distributed to the people of the town. After the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922 and the population exchange between Greece and Turkey, 40 refugee families settled in Gidas and the need for their rehabilitation led to a second distribution of the land to the people. In 1932, the lake of Giannitsa, near which Gidas was located, was drained by the New York Foundation Company and, in 1936, a third re-distribution of land followed. The on end spatial arrangement led to the continuously unfair dispersion of land to the people, which was resolved with the fair distribution of 3 acres to each dweller in 1937. Finally, in 1950, a second expropriation of 1400 fields took place with the following allocation of 14 acres to new farmers residing in Gidas.</p><br>
<p>After the draining of the lake of Giannitsa took place in 1932, thousands of fertile fields became available, which supported the local people and led to the general development of the area. Soon, an extended irrigation network was constructed, which allowed the cultivation of a large variety of agricultural products. In addition to the local development, the all along current location of the Roumlouki fields, serving as a junction between Thessaloniki and the Western Macedonia as well as the Southern Greece, constituted an attraction for internal migration and a push for strong economic progress.</p><br>
<p>In the census of 1920, Gidas had a population of 844 people, and a rapid population growth is being observed ever since until today. Soon, the first public services would be staffed aiding the needs of the town and the surrounding communities. In 1931, the local settlements were distributed and the land was demarcated definitively, changing forever the urban planning of the town. In 1941, Gidas is detached from the prefecture of Thessaloniki and is appended to the prefecture of Imathia. After the end of the Second World War and by 1946, many immigrant families from the Western Macedonia moved and settled in Gidas. During the same period, a large number of Romani populations started appearing in Gidas, and today they constitute the largest minority group in Alexandreia.</p><br>
<p>During the decade of 1950, the town planning and the economy of Gidas saw drastic changes. All the buildings, houses, utility rooms, shops, schools and even churches of the old village of Gidas were either replaced by new constructions and multi-storey buildings or succumbed to the ravages of time. The town center was moved closer to the historical building of the railway station, which connected and until nowadays connects the cities of Thessaloniki and Veroia by rail, and Gidas would further on be an example of a town with a basic center of commercial nature. The only 19th century buildings still standing in Alexandreia are Pasha Mehmed Şefiks Konak (1875) and the railway station (1894). During the service of the first elected mayor of Gidas, Ioannis Petridis, the electrification of the towns households took place for the first time.</p><br>
<p>In 1952, the town council suggested the renaming of Gidas to Alexandreia on the grounds that the town was a commercial and communication center in the middle of a largely populated rural area as well as due to the proximity of the town to the birthplace of Alexander the Great, whose name had not been used to name any other place in Greece. Gidas was officially renamed to Alexandreia a year after, in 1953.</p><br>
<p>During the last half century, Alexandreia was rapidly developed and urbanized. This development was not without any public implications. More particularly, the city had major problems with water supply and sewerage for decades, however, those problems have already been resolved to a great extent today.</p><br>
<p>Alexandreia is situated in the middle of a lush lowland with extremely fertile land, which is the base of its economy. More specifically, its economy is based on the abundance of agricultural products, namely cotton, peaches, sugar beets, tobacco, apricots, apples, corn, cereals, and numerous vegetables, that leads to the powerful, local, agricultural production, which is largely exported, while a major part of it drives the local industrial enterprises.</p><br>
<p>However, despite the fact that Alexandreias economy is chiefly based on the agricultural production of the surrounding area, the citys always current position at a road intersection has also established it as a major commercial center to the local area. This leads as a result to the constant growth of its population and, therefore, to its continuous reconstruction and the steady expansion of the city plan, which provides the character of a modern city. The sewerage network, whose construction lasted for a long time, is complete and functional, which is expected to be a milestone for the further development of the city. There are almost all the fundamental public services in the city, including a health center, serving its residents. There is also a large market with numerous shops, supermarkets, cafeterias, pubs and taverns. In close proximity to the city, there is an old airport, which has the capacity for the airlift of the local, agricultural products. There are plans for its exploitation, which is expected to give a special boost to the local economy.</p><br>
<h2>Notable people</h2><br>
<p>Vassilios Tsiartas</p><br>
<p>Charalampos Giannopoulos</p><br>
<p>Historic Elmwood Cemetery is the oldest active cemetery in Memphis, Tennessee. It was established in 1852 as one of the first rural garden cemeteries in the South.</p><br>
<p>A funeral scene in Paramount&#39;s 1993 legal thriller The Firm was filmed here.</p><br>
<h2>Origins</h2><br>
<p>Elmwood Cemetery was established as part of the Rural Cemetery Movement of the early-to-mid-19th century. A classic example of a garden cemetery, it is notable for its park-like setting, sweeping vistas, shady knolls, large stands of ancient trees, and magnificent monuments.</p><br>
<p>On 28 August 1852, fifty prominent Memphis citizens each contributed $500 for stock certificates in order to purchase 40 acre of land for the cemetery; they envisioned that this land would be a park for the living as well as the dead, where family outings, picnics, and social gatherings could occur. It was meant to be a place where beautiful gardens were tended and individual monuments celebrated both life and death. The name for the place was chosen in a drawing: several proposed names were put into a hat and Elmwood was drawn by animators, with the stockholders stating they were "well pleased" with the selection. Ironically, they had to hurriedly order some elms trees from New York to place among the native oaks of Memphis, since there were no elms in the area. After the American Civil War, the property was expanded to 80 acre for another $40,000. In the 1870s, the original corporation controlling the cemetery was dissolved and it became one of the oldest nonprofits in Tennessee.</p><br>
<p>The first burial occurred on 15 July 1853, when Mrs. R.B. Berry was laid to rest. Since then, more than 75,000 people have been buried at Elmwood Cemetery, with space still remaining for about 15,000 more. The cemeterys gardens include the Carlisle S. Page Arboretum. Beneath the cemeterys ancient elms, oaks, and magnolias lie some of the city&#39;s most honored and revered dead; flowering dogwoods and crepe myrtles are interspersed with Memphis history, those famous and infamous, loved and feared. There are veterans of every American war, from the American Revolution up to the Vietnam War, and there are people from every walk of life and culture, including Mayors of Memphis, Governors of Tennessee, USA Senators, madams, blues singers, suffragists, martyrs, generals, civil rights leaders, holy men and women, outlaws and millionaires and ordinary citizens.</p><br>
<h2>Civil War burials</h2><br>
<p>About 1,000 Confederate soldiers and veterans are buried in Confederate Soldiers Rest, located in the cemeterys Fowler Section. Many other Confederates are buried elsewhere in the cemetery. The first burial in Confederate Soldiers Rest was William (Thomas) Gallagher on June 17, 1861, and the last interment was John Frank Gunter on April 1, 1940. Among the Confederate generals buried there are James Patton Anderson, a former USA Congressman who commanded the Army of Tennessee in 1862, Colton Greene, and William Henry Carroll. Other burials include Isham G. Harris, Tennessees Confederate-era governor, Thomas Battle Turley, CSA private and USA Senator from Tennessee, and William Graham Swan, a Confederate congressman and mayor of Knoxville.</p><br>
<p>Union soldiers also were buried at Elmwood in the 1860s, but almost all were removed in 1868 and reinterred in Memphis National Cemetery. Two Union generals, William Jay Smith and Milton T. Williamson, remain at Elmwood.</p><br>
<p>Also interred at Elmwood is renowned Civil War author Shelby Foote, famous for his comprehensive three volume, 3000-page history of the war The Civil War: A Narrative. He is buried beside the family plot of Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest. Forrest himself was also originally buried at Elmwood, but in 1904 the remains of Forrest and his wife Mary were disinterred and moved to a Memphis city park originally named Forrest Park in his honor, that has since been renamed Health Sciences Park.</p><br>
<h2>Yellow Fever burials</h2><br>
<p>There were several outbreaks of yellow fever in Memphis during the 1870s, the worst outbreak occurring in 1878, with over 5,000 fatalities in the city itself and 20,000 along the whole of the Mississippi River Valley. Some 2,500 of the Memphis victims are buried in four public lots at Elmwood; among them are doctors, ministers, nuns, travelers, and even prostitutes who died while tending to the sick.</p><br>
<h2>Visiting Elmwood</h2><br>
<p>Elmwood Cemetery is located at 824 South Dudley Street, 0.4 mi south of Crump Boulevard. The cemetery grounds are open from 8:00am to 4:30pm CST, seven days a week, including holidays. The cemetery office is open Monday through Friday from 8:00am to 4:30pm CST, Saturday from 8:00am to 12:00pm CST, and is closed on Sundays and holidays.</p><br>
<p>Gareloi or Anangusook  is a volcanic island in the Delarof Islands of the Aleutian Islands of Alaska. It is located between the Tanaga Pass and the Amchitka Pass.</p><br>
<p>The island is 6 mi in length and 5 mi wide. Its land area is 25.95 square miles, making Gareloi the largest island in the Delarof group. Gareloi Volcano, a stratovolcano, is situated in the center of the island which reaches a height of 5,161 ft. On the other side of a small saddle lies another peak of the island however it does not equal the height of Mount Gareloi. The island is uninhabited.</p><br>
<p>Coastal cliffs provide nesting habitat for more than 600,000 seabirds, mostly for crevice nesting auklets. Least Auklets account for 62% of the colony, Crested Auklets for 30%, and Parakeet Auklets for 6%. Each of these species is present on the island in numbers exceeding 1% of their global populations.</p><br>
<p>The island consists of lava rock, black lava, eroded lava, and ashes; the lower slopes and valleys are covered with grass and tundra in many places. The shores have steep cliffs with rocks and boulders at the base; boulders, pinnacles, and rocks awash extend around the shoreline. Heavy kelp surrounds most of the island, and extends offshore to 10 fathom. Depths of 10 fathoms or more are within 0.5 mi of the island. A trapper’s hut is on the beach above the N shore of Gareloi Island.</p><br>
<p>Garelois northern, slightly higher peak is on the southern rim of a crater about 300 m across, which contains several active fumaroles. Thirteen younger craters, from 80 m to 1,600 m in diameter, are aligned along a south-southeast trending fissure that extends from strandline to the southern summit. These craters formed during a major explosive eruption in 1929 that also produced four blocky lava flows, and a blanket of grassy andesitic tuff that covers an area roughly 1.5 by on the volcanos southeast flank.</p><br>
<p>Gareloi Volcano had four confirmed eruptions in the 1980s and one unconfirmed eruption in 1996. All but one of them were considered explosive eruptions. In Spring and Summer 2007 there was a period of increased seismic activity on Gareloi Island, sometimes reaching 40 earthquakes per day.</p><br>
<p>Great Sitkin Island  is a volcanic island in the Andreanof Islands of the Aleutian Islands of Alaska. The island covers a total area of 60 square miles and lies slightly north of a group islands which are located between Adak Island and Atka Island.</p><br>
<p>The northern portion of the island is dominated by the complex Great Sitkin Volcano which rises to a height of 5,710 ft. The island is 18 km long and 16.94 km wide.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Great Sitkin was the site of a fuel tank farm during World War II, and the remains of the oil tanks are still on the island. On September 24, 1959, a Douglas DC-4 carrying 5 crew and 11 passengers crashed due to pilot error with no survivors. On October 26, 1965, Liberty Ship Ekaterini G.(formerly Josiah G. Holland) ran aground after losing her propeller in heavy seas. All crewmen were rescued. The ship was declared a constructive total loss and remains aground on the western side of the island. On December 11, 1973, a Douglas DC-6 crashed on the island, with all 10 crew and passengers as fatalities.</p><br>
<p>Pumari Chhish ,  is a high peak of the Hispar Muztagh, a subrange of the Karakoram range. It lies about 4 km east of Khunyang Chhish, in the heart of the Hispar, north of the Hispar Glacier.</p><br>
<p>Pumari Chhish was first attempted by an Austrian group in 1974, who failed to climb or bypass the Yazghil Glacier on the north side of the peak. In 1979, a Japanese group from the Hokkaido Alpine Association succeeded in climbing the mountain via a long route starting from the Khunyang Glacier, well to the west of the peak. They first had to cross a significant col to access the upper Yazghil Glacier; they then ascended the north ridge of Pumari Chhish.</p><br>
<p>According to the Himalayan Index, there have been no other successful ascents of Pumari Chhish.</p><br>
<h2>Pumari Chhish South</h2><br>
<p>About 1 km to the southeast of the main summit of Pumari Chhish lies Pumari Chhish South, 7,350 m. After two unsuccessful attempts on this peak in 1999 and 2000 by Julie-Ann Clyma and Roger Payne, it was first climbed on June 12, 2007 by Yannick Graziani and Christian Trommsdorff. Among first ascents of peaks over 7000 metres, their 2,700 m climb was highly technical (they rate it ABO 5.10 M6 A1). They made the ascent in pure alpine style over six days. Their achievement earned them the lead article in the 2008 American Alpine Journal.</p><br>
